Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of a stop valve in a plumbing system?
What is the primary function of a stop valve in a plumbing system?
What does 'DOV' stand for in plumbing?
What does 'DOV' stand for in plumbing?
Which of the following is NOT a method to create pressure in plumbing systems?
Which of the following is NOT a method to create pressure in plumbing systems?
What should be done if a valve jams in the plumbing system?
What should be done if a valve jams in the plumbing system?
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When testing flow rate, where is the test typically performed?
When testing flow rate, where is the test typically performed?
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What is the significance of complying with water regulations for plumbers?
What is the significance of complying with water regulations for plumbers?
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What volume measurement is used for determining flow rate in plumbing?
What volume measurement is used for determining flow rate in plumbing?
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Which appliance requires a more accurate reading of water pressure during installation?
Which appliance requires a more accurate reading of water pressure during installation?
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What is an important characteristic of a fluid classified as Category 1?
What is an important characteristic of a fluid classified as Category 1?
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What is the minimum size requirement for the mains supply pipe in a modern property?
What is the minimum size requirement for the mains supply pipe in a modern property?
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What is a common feature of internal water meters?
What is a common feature of internal water meters?
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Which section of the water supply must be observed under the Water Regulations 1999?
Which section of the water supply must be observed under the Water Regulations 1999?
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What type of pipe is commonly used for mains water supply and is colored blue?
What type of pipe is commonly used for mains water supply and is colored blue?
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What is the primary purpose of reusing grey water?
What is the primary purpose of reusing grey water?
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What distinguishes a Direct cold water system from an Indirect cold water system?
What distinguishes a Direct cold water system from an Indirect cold water system?
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What is the recommended maximum height for MDPE pipe above floor level?
What is the recommended maximum height for MDPE pipe above floor level?
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What is the typical size of the service pipe to a house in a direct cold water system?
What is the typical size of the service pipe to a house in a direct cold water system?
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Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of a direct cold water system?
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of a direct cold water system?
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What kind of water pressure does an indirect cold water system primarily provide?
What kind of water pressure does an indirect cold water system primarily provide?
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Which factor does NOT affect pressure and flow in a water system?
Which factor does NOT affect pressure and flow in a water system?
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In a direct cold water system, what is the purpose of a combination boiler?
In a direct cold water system, what is the purpose of a combination boiler?
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What size should the distribution pipe from a storage cistern typically be in an indirect cold water system?
What size should the distribution pipe from a storage cistern typically be in an indirect cold water system?
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What is a significant concern when fitting shower or mixer taps in a direct system?
What is a significant concern when fitting shower or mixer taps in a direct system?
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Which of the following statements about direct and indirect systems is FALSE?
Which of the following statements about direct and indirect systems is FALSE?
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What is one advantage of an indirect system?
What is one advantage of an indirect system?
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What is a potential disadvantage of using a cold water storage cistern?
What is a potential disadvantage of using a cold water storage cistern?
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How much capacity does a cold water storage cistern require if supplying both hot and cold water?
How much capacity does a cold water storage cistern require if supplying both hot and cold water?
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What is the primary purpose of grey water recycling systems?
What is the primary purpose of grey water recycling systems?
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What must be done to prevent contamination when using rainwater or grey water systems?
What must be done to prevent contamination when using rainwater or grey water systems?
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Which method would be used to identify the system installed in a property?
Which method would be used to identify the system installed in a property?
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What is the typical average size of storage cisterns used in rainwater harvesting?
What is the typical average size of storage cisterns used in rainwater harvesting?
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What is a requirement of both BS EN 806 and the Water Regulations regarding cold water storage cisterns?
What is a requirement of both BS EN 806 and the Water Regulations regarding cold water storage cisterns?
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What is a characteristic of fluids classified as Category 3?
What is a characteristic of fluids classified as Category 3?
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Where should the stop valve ideally be located according to the Water Regulations?
Where should the stop valve ideally be located according to the Water Regulations?
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What color is the MDPE pipe used to identify wholesome water?
What color is the MDPE pipe used to identify wholesome water?
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What installation requirement is specified for a boundary meter box?
What installation requirement is specified for a boundary meter box?
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What is a disadvantage of using a cold water storage cistern?
What is a disadvantage of using a cold water storage cistern?
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How should water be isolated according to installation guidelines?
How should water be isolated according to installation guidelines?
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What is a key difference between grey water recycling and rainwater harvesting?
What is a key difference between grey water recycling and rainwater harvesting?
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What is a key characteristic of a direct water system?
What is a key characteristic of a direct water system?
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In an indirect water system, what is the primary use of the high-level storage cistern?
In an indirect water system, what is the primary use of the high-level storage cistern?
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What size is commonly recommended for the distribution pipe from the storage cistern in an indirect water system?
What size is commonly recommended for the distribution pipe from the storage cistern in an indirect water system?
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Which factor is most likely to cause variations in water pressure during the day in a direct system?
Which factor is most likely to cause variations in water pressure during the day in a direct system?
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In a direct system equipped with a combination boiler, how is water delivered?
In a direct system equipped with a combination boiler, how is water delivered?
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Which of the following materials is NOT commonly used for service pipes in a direct system?
Which of the following materials is NOT commonly used for service pipes in a direct system?
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What is an advantage of having a direct water system compared to an indirect system?
What is an advantage of having a direct water system compared to an indirect system?
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What is the primary mechanism for stopping water flow in a screw down stop valve?
What is the primary mechanism for stopping water flow in a screw down stop valve?
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Which of the following is essential for the installation of a DOV in a plumbing system?
Which of the following is essential for the installation of a DOV in a plumbing system?
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What does pressure in plumbing systems refer to?
What does pressure in plumbing systems refer to?
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How is flow rate typically measured in cold water systems?
How is flow rate typically measured in cold water systems?
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What risk is associated with more pipework in the roof space of an indirect system?
What risk is associated with more pipework in the roof space of an indirect system?
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What is a common issue to consider when a valve jams in a plumbing system?
What is a common issue to consider when a valve jams in a plumbing system?
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What is the primary function of a cold water storage cistern when supplying both hot and cold water?
What is the primary function of a cold water storage cistern when supplying both hot and cold water?
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Which procedure is recommended to prevent contamination of wholesome water by plumbers?
Which procedure is recommended to prevent contamination of wholesome water by plumbers?
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When should a more accurate pressure reading be taken in plumbing installations?
When should a more accurate pressure reading be taken in plumbing installations?
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What volume of water do rainwater harvesting systems typically collect?
What volume of water do rainwater harvesting systems typically collect?
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Which type of valve can be operated with a spanner or key on a square drive?
Which type of valve can be operated with a spanner or key on a square drive?
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What is a crucial criterion to prevent contamination in rainwater and grey water systems?
What is a crucial criterion to prevent contamination in rainwater and grey water systems?
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Which factor would help identify the type of water system installed in a property?
Which factor would help identify the type of water system installed in a property?
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Why is grey water recycling commonly used to flush toilets?
Why is grey water recycling commonly used to flush toilets?
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What is a disadvantage of indirect systems regarding potable water?
What is a disadvantage of indirect systems regarding potable water?
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What must be ensured during the installation of grey water recycling systems?
What must be ensured during the installation of grey water recycling systems?
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Study Notes
Cold Water Supplies into Domestic Dwellings
- The presentation covers requirements for installing cold water supplies in domestic properties.
- Learners will understand different fluid categories.
- Learners will identify requirements for installing an incoming water main to domestic properties.
- Learners will distinguish between direct and indirect cold water systems.
- Learners will be introduced to the Cold Water Storage Cistern (CWSC).
- Learners will differentiate between grey water recycling and rainwater harvesting.
Fluid Categories
- Category 1: Wholesome water supplied by the water undertaker. Example: Mains water.
- Category 2: Water that meets Category 1 criteria except for color, odor, and appearance, or temperature. Example: Hot water from a combi boiler, softened water.
- Category 3: Fluids with a slight health risk. Example: Primary water, bath and shower water.
- Category 4: Fluids with a significant health risk, containing toxic substances. Example: Microorganisms, pesticides, washing machine, dishwasher water, urinal, sink, WC, bidets, grey water, medical rooms, laboratories, abattoirs.
- Category 5: Fluids with severe health risks, containing pathogenic organisms, radioactive, or fecal matter.
Incoming Mains
- Service pipe: 25mm Minimum Distribution Pipe Material- MDPE (Minimum).
- Meter/Isolation: Located at the property boundary.
- Communication Pipe: Depth (750-1350mm deep), minimum pipe size is 15mm.
- Stop Valve: Located at appropriate locations inside the building, above floor level, as close as possible to the point of entry.
- DOV (Drain Off Valve): Located at appropriate locations in the system.
- Boundary Stop Tap and Water Meter.
Water Meters
- Internal Meter to be Cross Bonded for Safety.
- Location: a boundary meter box.
Water Regulations
- Plumbing systems must comply with water regulations.
- Every plumber must prevent contamination of wholesome water.
- Advance notice of installations must be given.
- Benefit from becoming an approved plumbing contractor after passing the water regulations training course.
- WRAS (Water Regulations Advisory Scheme) has produced the guide to the water regulations, which is essential for plumbers.
Pressure and Flow
- Pressure: The force behind water flow.
- Flow Rate: The volume of water discharging to an appliance (liters per minute).
- Measurement: Visual check is usually sufficient in domestic situations, but more accurate readings may be needed for appliances such as water softeners, combination boilers, unvented cylinders. Accurate measurement may need a specialist flow cup for critical appliances.
- Testing: Pressure is normally tested near the point of entry, and flow rate at each outlet. Testing should be done at peak demand times as pressure may vary.
Direct System
- Cold water is supplied directly to each outlet at mains pressure.
- Service pipe size is typically 25mm MDPE connected to 15mm copper in the house.
- Older homes may have 20mm MDPE or lead mains.
- Precautions against backflow are crucial.
- Only stored water is for hot water via a cylinder.
Indirect System
- Cold water is taken to a high-level storage cistern.
- Most cold water outlets are fed from the cistern (Low Pressure).
- Kitchen sink is mains fed for wholesome water.
- Distribution pipes fed from the storage cistern are 22mm or 28mm and reduce in size as appliances are fed.
Cold Water Storage Cistern
- Required if a cold water storage cistern is needed for either hot or cold water - storage capacity is 100–150Lts, or 230–250lts if supplying both hot and cold.
- Location: Inspection of lofts or outlet testing.
Rainwater Harvesting
- Can save a household large volumes of mains water, reducing pressure on the resource.
- Installed below ground and collects water from gullies.
- Average size may be up to 5,000 liters.
Grey Water Recycling
- Collects waste water from baths, showers, and washing machines.
- Commonly used to flush WC's.
- Systems must be independent from wholesome water systems.
System Identification
- To identify system:
- Take pressure readings at various outlets.
- Inspect the loft to identify the cistern sizes.
- Turn off incoming mains to identify outlets that stop flowing, noting if this was hot or cold water.
- Systems must be properly installed.
- Outlets must have sufficient pressure and flow for the appliance.
Test Your Knowledge Questions
- What is Fluid Category One water? (Wholesome water supplied by the water undertaker - mains water)
- What is the maximum depth of the incoming main? (750-1,350mm)
- Where would you find a stop valve? (Inside the building, above floor level, as close as possible to the point of entry.)
- What would you find a drain-off valve? (At appropriate locations in the system)
- What does grey water recycling reuse? (Waste water from baths, showers, and washing machines)
Assessment of Learning
- Students assess their learning with a traffic light system (red, amber, green).
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Description
Test your knowledge on the essential functions and regulations of plumbing systems. This quiz covers various aspects, including valve operations, pressure creation methods, and compliance with water regulations. Perfect for both aspiring and experienced plumbers!
