Plica Syndrome and Knee Joint Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which structure attaches to the intercondylar fossa of the femur?

  • Quadriceps tendon
  • Popliteus tendon
  • Ligamentum mucosum (correct)
  • Infrapatellar fat pad

    • Which structure separates the right and left sides of the knee joint posteriorly?

  • ACL and PCL
  • Ligamentum mucosum (correct)
  • Popliteus tendon
  • Alar folds

    • Which structure is located at the most superior recess of the synovial cavity?

  • Suprapatellar bursa (correct)
  • Subpopliteal recess
  • Alar folds
  • Ligamentum mucosum

    • Which part of the tibia bears 60% of the weight?

    <p>Medial condyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the strongest attachment site of the patellar ligament?

    <p>Lateral border of the tibial tuberosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the tibia is the strongest insertion site for the patellar ligament?

    <p>Tibial tuberosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is responsible for deepening the concavity of the medial femoral condyle?

    <p>Medial meniscus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is the tightest in full flexion of the knee joint?

    <p>PCL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of medial rotation of the knee joint when the knee is flexed at 45 degrees?

    <p>40 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is mainly responsible for unlocking the knee joint during flexion?

    <p>Popliteus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament prevents rotation of the tibia on the femur during flexion and extension of the knee joint?

    <p>ACL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is attached to both the joint capsule and the medial meniscus?

    <p>Medial collateral ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure does the medial meniscus sit most anterior to ?

    <p>Intercondylar surface of the tibia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which meniscus is more likely to tear?

    <p>Medial meniscus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of injury for the Unhappy Triad of the Knee?

    <p>Blow from the lateral side while foot is fixed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament extends from the side of the patella and travels inferoposteriorly to blend with the respective collateral ligament?

    <p>Lateral patellar retinaculum and Medial patellar retinaculum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is reinforced anterolaterally by the iliotibial band insertion?

    <p>Lateral patellar retinaculum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament attaches the inferior edges of the menisci to the periphery of the tibial plateau?

    <p>Meniscotibial ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is broad and flat, and extends from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial condyle of the tibia?

    <p>Medial collateral ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament of the knee joint is lined by the synovial membrane anteriorly, medially, and laterally?

    <p>Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament prevents anterior and posterior sliding of the tibia and femur?

    <p>Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is located between the anterior horns of the two menisci?

    <p>Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament attaches to the medial aspect of the intercondylar notch of the femur?

    <p>Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the tibia overhangs the shaft to a greater extent?

    <p>Lateral condyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament attaches to the bone at the edges of the facets and bone in the intercondylar area?

    <p>ACL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for deepening the concavity of the medial femoral condyle?

    <p>Medial meniscus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What replaces the fibrous joint capsule anteriorly?

    <p>Patellar ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is attached to both the joint capsule and the medial meniscus?

    <p>Medial collateral ligament (MCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is usually the main blood supply to the femur?

    <p>Femoral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the superior aspect of the tibial tuberosity and the patellar ligament?

    <p>Descending genicular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the cruciate ligaments, synovial membrane, and periphery of the menisci?

    <p>Middle genicular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the lateral aspect of the knee joint and the femur, located just proximal to the lateral condyle?

    <p>Superior lateral genicular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the medial aspect of the knee joint and the tibia, located just proximal to the medial condyle?

    <p>Inferior medial genicular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament of the knee joint is intracapsular but extrasynovial?

    <p>Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament attaches the lateral meniscus to the femur and acts to pull the posterior horn anterior and medially, increasing the fit?

    <p>Anterior meniscofemoral ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is shorter and stronger than the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)?

    <p>Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament attaches to the medial aspect of the intercondylar notch of the femur?

    <p>Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament prevents hyperextension of the knee joint?

    <p>Arcuate popliteal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament attaches to the head of the fibula and blends with the lateral head of the gastrocnemius?

    <p>Arcuate popliteal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is commonly torn in conjunction with the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), resulting in the 'unhappy triad' of knee injuries?

    <p>Medial Meniscus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is responsible for preventing side-to-side movements of the tibia and femur relative to one another?

    <p>Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is attached to the medial epicondyle of the femur and the medial condyle of the tibia, and blends with the capsule and medial meniscus posteriorly?

    <p>Medial collateral ligament (MCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament attaches to the medial aspect of the intercondylar notch of the tibia?

    <p>Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament joins the anterior horns of the two minisci?

    <p>Transverse ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Knee Joint Structures and Functions

    • Intercondylar fossa of the femur is attached to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL).
    • The posterior cruciate ligament separates the right and left sides of the knee joint posteriorly.
    • The suprapatellar bursa is located at the most superior recess of the synovial cavity.
    • The tibial plateau bears 60% of the weight during activities while bearing weight.

    Ligaments and Attachments

    • The strongest attachment site of the patellar ligament is at the tibial tuberosity.
    • The strongest insertion site for the patellar ligament is the tibial tuberosity as well.
    • The lateral meniscus helps deepen the concavity of the medial femoral condyle.
    • The posterior cruciate ligament is the tightest in full flexion of the knee joint.

    Knee Joint Motion and Mechanics

    • Medial rotation of the knee joint, when flexed at 45 degrees, ranges from 30 to 40 degrees.
    • The popliteus muscle is mainly responsible for unlocking the knee joint during flexion.
    • The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) prevents rotation of the tibia on the femur during flexion and extension.

    Menisci and Their Roles

    • The medial meniscus sits most anterior to the lateral meniscus.
    • The medial meniscus is more likely to tear due to its more fixed position.

    Unhappy Triad Injury Mechanism

    • The Unhappy Triad of the knee is commonly injured by a lateral blow to the knee, affecting the medial collateral ligament (MCL), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), and medial meniscus.

    Ligament Attachments and Functions

    • The patellofemoral ligament extends from the side of the patella and blends with the respective collateral ligament.
    • The iliotibial band reinforces the anterolateral aspect of the knee joint.
    • The meniscotibial ligaments attach the inferior edges of the menisci to the periphery of the tibial plateau.
    • The medial collateral ligament (MCL) extends from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial condyle of the tibia and blends with the joint capsule.

    Synovial Membrane and Blood Supply

    • The synovial membrane lines the anterior, medial, and lateral aspects of the knee joint.
    • The popliteal artery usually serves as the main blood supply to the knee joint.
    • The anterior tibial recurrent artery supplies the superior aspect of the tibial tuberosity and the patellar ligament.
    • The middle genicular artery supplies the cruciate ligaments, synovial membrane, and periphery of the menisci.
    • The lateral genicular artery supplies the lateral aspect of the knee joint, located just proximal to the lateral condyle.
    • The medial genicular artery supplies the medial aspect of the knee joint, located just proximal to the medial condyle.

    Additional Ligaments and Their Functions

    • The fibular collateral ligament (LCL) is intracapsular but extrasynovial.
    • The ligament of Wrens (meniscofemoral ligament) connects the lateral meniscus to the femur and improves fit during knee motion.
    • The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is shorter and stronger than the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).
    • The medial collateral ligament prevents hyperextension of the knee joint.
    • The fibular collateral ligament attaches to the head of the fibula and blends with the lateral gastrocnemius.
    • The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is commonly torn alongside the ACL, leading to the 'unhappy triad' of injuries.
    • The lateral collateral ligament (LCL) prevents side-to-side movements of the tibia and femur relative to each other.
    • The medial epicondyle of the femur is the attachment point for the medial collateral ligament.
    • The medial aspect of the intercondylar notch of the tibia is where the anterior cruciate ligament attaches.
    • The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) joins the anterior horns of the two menisci.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on plica syndrome and knee joint anatomy in this quiz. Learn about the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for plica syndrome, as well as the different structures and cavities in the knee joint.

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