Plate Tectonics and the Rock Cycle

Push factors like poverty and war drive individuals to leave their home countries in search of better living conditions.

Intervening obstacles are barriers such as legal restrictions and costs that hinder individuals from successfully immigrating.

Carrying capacity refers to the maximum population that an area can support sustainably without environmental degradation.

<p>A livable city is characterized by accessibility, safety, and a high quality of life for its residents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Green belts protect rural land from urban development, preserving space for nature and enhancing the quality of life in nearby cities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Canadian Shield is the oldest and largest landform region in Canada, serving as the geologic foundation and featuring rocky terrain with abundant fresh water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Great Lakes–St. Lawrence Lowlands and the Interior Plains are the most important agricultural regions, producing about 75% of Canada's total farm production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sedimentary rock in the Interior Plains is crucial for the production of oil and natural gas, contributing significantly to Canada's energy resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Innuitian Mountains are remote because they have no full-time population and are less accessible than other regions in Canada.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Latitude influences the amount of sunlight a region receives, which in turn alters its climate, affecting temperature and seasonal variations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ocean currents affect climate by altering temperatures; warm currents promote milder climates while cold currents can lead to cooler temperatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher elevations result in colder temperatures because the air pressure is lower, causing air particles to expand and cool.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relief affects the amount of precipitation by determining how air is forced to rise over mountains, leading to condensation and rainfall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theory of plate tectonics states that the Earth's crust is divided into large plates that move and interact, causing geological events such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Folding occurs when rock layers are pushed together and bend, while faulting happens when rock layers break and shift.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subduction occurs when a denser oceanic plate slides underneath a continental plate, leading to geological features like trenches and volcanic arcs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The seven major tectonic plates are the African, Antarctic, Eurasian, Australian, North American, Pacific, and South American plates, significant for their roles in Earth's geological activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three types of rocks in the rock cycle are igneous (formed by cooling and solidification), sedimentary (formed by erosion and sedimentation), and metamorphic (formed by heat and pressure).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glaciers shaped much of Canada during the last ice age, affecting the distribution of plants and animals as they retreated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Climate, topography, and geology are the main factors that contribute to the distinct landform regions in Canada.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Divergent plates move apart, convergent plates move toward each other, and transform plates slide past each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renewable resources can be replenished by nature at a faster rate than they are consumed, while non-renewable resources are formed slowly and cannot be replaced within a human time scale.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flow resources are constantly produced by nature and their supply cannot be negatively impacted by human activities, such as sunlight and wind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary industries focus on extracting natural resources, secondary industries are concerned with manufacturing products from those resources, and tertiary industries provide services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canada faces challenges with water scarcity and pollution affecting its water resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fracking can lead to environmental costs such as groundwater contamination and increased seismic activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Access to natural resources and transportation are key factors; for instance, a steel factory may be located near iron mines and transportation routes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fishing industry faces issues such as overfishing and the depletion of certain fish stocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electricity in Canada is mainly generated through hydroelectric, nuclear, and thermal power sources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low carbon emissions are significant advantages of both hydroelectric and nuclear energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Dependency Load measures the ratio of people not of working age to those who are of working age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Birth Rate is calculated using the formula (Amount of Births/Population) x 1000.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baby boomers have significantly impacted Canada's economy, workforce, healthcare, and retirement systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Natural Increase Rate is calculated by subtracting the Death Rate (DR) from the Birth Rate (BR).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Net Migration Rate is calculated by subtracting the Emigration Rate (ER) from the Immigration Rate (IR).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Population Growth Rate represents the increase in the number of people in a population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To convert a rate to a percentage, divide the rate by 10.</p> Signup and view all the answers