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Questions and Answers
What must be ensured when working with plastic pipe fittings?
What must be ensured when working with plastic pipe fittings?
What is a common method for repairing a plastic pipe?
What is a common method for repairing a plastic pipe?
Which of the following fittings can be used to connect different types of pipe or tubing?
Which of the following fittings can be used to connect different types of pipe or tubing?
What is a significant characteristic of push-on pipe fittings?
What is a significant characteristic of push-on pipe fittings?
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What is a drawback of crimp-on pipe fittings?
What is a drawback of crimp-on pipe fittings?
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For what applications are crimp-on pipe fittings typically used?
For what applications are crimp-on pipe fittings typically used?
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Which statement is accurate regarding the installation of push-on pipe fittings?
Which statement is accurate regarding the installation of push-on pipe fittings?
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Which fitting type is likely to be more permanent and difficult to remove without cutting?
Which fitting type is likely to be more permanent and difficult to remove without cutting?
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What is the primary function of a pipe die?
What is the primary function of a pipe die?
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Which type of fitting is used to change the direction of a pipe run?
Which type of fitting is used to change the direction of a pipe run?
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What are malleable fittings primarily made of?
What are malleable fittings primarily made of?
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Which fitting connects two sections of pipe in a straight line?
Which fitting connects two sections of pipe in a straight line?
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What is the purpose of reducing bushings?
What is the purpose of reducing bushings?
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Which type of fitting must be used to complete the final pipe run?
Which type of fitting must be used to complete the final pipe run?
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What are nipples used for in piping systems?
What are nipples used for in piping systems?
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Which fitting is specifically designed with male threads on the outside and female threads on the inside?
Which fitting is specifically designed with male threads on the outside and female threads on the inside?
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What is the purpose of tapering threads during piping?
What is the purpose of tapering threads during piping?
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What type of tool is specifically designed to hold steel pipe securely for cutting or threading?
What type of tool is specifically designed to hold steel pipe securely for cutting or threading?
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Which tool is used to remove the inside burr from cut ends of pipes?
Which tool is used to remove the inside burr from cut ends of pipes?
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What is the function of pipe compound or Teflon™ tape in plumbing?
What is the function of pipe compound or Teflon™ tape in plumbing?
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Which type of pipe wrench does NOT leave marks on the pipe?
Which type of pipe wrench does NOT leave marks on the pipe?
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For which purpose might one use a pipe cutter?
For which purpose might one use a pipe cutter?
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What must be done to the reamer in relation to the pipe?
What must be done to the reamer in relation to the pipe?
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What type of pipe vise can be electrically powered?
What type of pipe vise can be electrically powered?
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What is a common cause of leaks in steel pipes?
What is a common cause of leaks in steel pipes?
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Which of the following is an advantage of rigid plastic pipe over metal pipe?
Which of the following is an advantage of rigid plastic pipe over metal pipe?
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What is the primary use of ABS pipe?
What is the primary use of ABS pipe?
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What must be checked before using rigid plastic pipe?
What must be checked before using rigid plastic pipe?
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Which type of plastic pipe is typically off-white or cream-colored?
Which type of plastic pipe is typically off-white or cream-colored?
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What is essential to prevent joint failures when solvent-welding plastic pipes?
What is essential to prevent joint failures when solvent-welding plastic pipes?
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What is a characteristic feature of Schedule 80 plastic pipe?
What is a characteristic feature of Schedule 80 plastic pipe?
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Which benefit does NOT apply to rigid plastic piping?
Which benefit does NOT apply to rigid plastic piping?
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What type of solvent cement should be used with different types of plastic?
What type of solvent cement should be used with different types of plastic?
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What is a crucial step in preparing pipes for solvent welding?
What is a crucial step in preparing pipes for solvent welding?
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What should be done in case of solvent cement contact with skin or eyes?
What should be done in case of solvent cement contact with skin or eyes?
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How should primer be applied to plastic pipes?
How should primer be applied to plastic pipes?
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What is the recommended action if not using solvent cement?
What is the recommended action if not using solvent cement?
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When joining pipe and fitting, what should be done after inserting the pipe?
When joining pipe and fitting, what should be done after inserting the pipe?
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What precaution should be taken when using solvent cements?
What precaution should be taken when using solvent cements?
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What type of tooling is necessary when applying cement to ensure a proper joint?
What type of tooling is necessary when applying cement to ensure a proper joint?
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Study Notes
Plastic Pipe Fittings
- Available in all sizes and plastic types
- Same names as those for steel pipe
- Do not mix pipe and fittings of different types of plastic
Repairing Plastic Pipe
- Usually repaired by cutting out the defective section and replacing it
- Use matching type of plastic and solvent cement
Adapters
- Connect different types of pipe or tubing
- Examples include elbows, tees, and couplings in various combinations of male or female fittings
Push-on Pipe Fittings
- Designed to be installed without any special tool
- Quick, leak-proof connection
- Used in potable water, hydronic hot water heating systems, and condensate drain lines
- Can be removed and reused
Crimp-on Pipe Fittings
- Use special installation tool to crimp the fitting around the pipe
- Used in potable water, hydronic hot water heating systems, and condensate drain lines
- If fitting needs to be removed it will often have to be cut out
- May not be reused
Pipe Thread
- Tapering causes the threads to bind and seal during tightening
- Pipe compound (dope) or Teflon tape is used to ensure a leakproof seal
- Check with local building authorities for requirements.
Tools Used with Steel Pipe
- Cutting and threading steel pipe requires specialized tools such as:
- Pipe vise
- Pipe cutter
- Pipe reamer
- Pipe wrench
- Pipe die
### Pipe Vise
- Used to securely hold steel pipe in position for cutting and threading
- Two basic types - chain and yoke
- Some are equipped with an electric motor to rotate the pipe
### Pipe Cutter
- Clamps around the pipe
- Wheel blade cuts around the pipe
- Heavy-duty use for cutting steel pipe
- Different sizes for different diameter pipe
Pipe Reamer
- Used to remove the inside burr from cut ends
- Secure pipe in a vise
- Match reamer size to pipe size
- Can be done on black and galvanized pipe
### Pipe Wrench
- Designed for holding and turning steel pipe and fittings
- Jaw and chain types leave marks
- Strap-type leaves no marks
- Pipe wrenches are often used in pairs
Pipe Die
- Used to cut threads on the outside of steel pipe
- Each die is accurately sized to fit a particular size of steel pipe
### Fittings for Steel Pipe
- Components used to join sections of pipe
- Made of annealed cast iron, called malleable fittings
- Fittings are threaded
- Sized according to the nominal size (ID) of the pipe being used
### Types ofPipe Fittings
-
Elbows:
- Change the direction of a pipe run
- Available in all sizes
- 90° or 45° angles
-
Couplings:
- Connect two lengths of pipe in a straight line
- Short fitting with female threads at each end
- Reducers are available
-
Tees:
- Used to create a branch from an existing line
- Available in almost any combination of sizes
-
Reducing bushings:
- Male threads on outside, female threads on inside
- Used to reduce the size of female opening
-
Caps and plugs:
- Used to seal openings
- Caps have female threads
- Plugs have male threads
-
Unions:
- Type of coupling
- Must be used to complete final pipe run
### Nipples
- Short lengths of pipe threaded on each end
- Used to connect fittings that are close together
Repairing Steel Pipe
- Leaks are usually caused by loose connections or corrosion of the pipe
- Loose connections can be tightened
- Rusting or damaged sections must be replaced
Rigid Plastic Pipe
- Usage has increased in recent years
- An acceptable and inexpensive means of transferring many types of liquids
- Often replaces steel pipe in numerous applications
- Check local building codes and authorities for usage and application
Advantages of Rigid Plastic Pipe
- Resistant to corrosive liquids
- Does not rot
- Resists growth of bacteria, algae, and fungi
- Provides maximum flow rates
- Tough and strong
- Easier to handle, join, and install than metal
- Less expensive than metal
Types of Plastic Pipe
-
ABS (black pipe)
- Used only for drain, waste, and vent piping
-
PVC (white pipe)
- Used for cold water supply, drain lines, and some venting
-
CPVC (off-white, cream, tan, or grey pipe)
- Used for hot and cold water lines or drains
### Plastic Pipe Sizes
- Pipes and fittings are manufactured to conform to nominal pipe sizing of steel pipe
- Inside (flow) diameter changes slightly with the schedule number
- Schedule 80 has a thicker wall
- Available in 20-foot lengths
### Solvent-Welding
- A process where plastic pipe is joined chemically, also called cementing
- Follow instructions carefully and resist shortcuts to avoid joint failures
- Different solvent cement is required for each type of plastic pipe
Using Solvent Cement
- Purchased in one-pint metal containers with an application dauber
- Different solvent cement is required for each plastic type (ABS, CPVC, PVC)
- Always cover when not in use, do not use thinner
- Special care is needed when joining two different types of plastic pipe
### Solvent Cement Safety
- Solvent cements and primers are extremely flammable and emit dangerous vapors
- Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing
- Close container after each use
- If comes in contact with skin or eyes, flush with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention
### Pipe Preparation
- Proper preparation is important for a satisfactory joint
- Pipe must be cut square
- Burrs removed
- Ends beveled to ensure joint will be properly solvent-welded and leakproof
Primer Skin Contact
- Apply primer using a tool, like a dauber or brush
- Do not use a rag
Making Plastic Pipe Joints
-
Applying cement:
- Apply a generous coating around the outside surface of the pipe
- Then apply an even layer around the inside of the socket (not too much)
-
Joining pipe and fitting:
- Insert the pipe to the full socket depth
- Rotate one-quarter turn
- Hold together firmly for 20 to 30 seconds
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Description
This quiz covers the essentials of plastic pipe fittings, including types, repairs, and installation methods. Learn about push-on and crimp-on fittings, their applications, and proper connecting techniques. Test your understanding of how to effectively work with various plastic pipes and fittings.
