Plastic Pipe Fittings Overview
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Plastic Pipe Fittings Overview

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Questions and Answers

What must be ensured when working with plastic pipe fittings?

  • Different types of plastic can be mixed without issues.
  • Fittings are interchangeable regardless of material.
  • Only fittings compatible with steel pipe can be used.
  • Pipe and fittings should be of the same type of plastic. (correct)

    • What is a common method for repairing a plastic pipe?

  • Soldering the broken section.
  • Using epoxy resin for quick fixes.
  • Wrapping the pipe with duct tape.
  • Cutting out the defective section and replacing it. (correct)

    • Which of the following fittings can be used to connect different types of pipe or tubing?

  • Caps and plugs.
  • Splitters.
  • Elbows and tees only.
  • Adapters. (correct)

    • What is a significant characteristic of push-on pipe fittings?

    <p>They provide quick, leak-proof connections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a drawback of crimp-on pipe fittings?

    <p>Fittings often have to be cut out if removal is needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For what applications are crimp-on pipe fittings typically used?

    <p>Potable water and heating systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is accurate regarding the installation of push-on pipe fittings?

    <p>They can be installed without any special tools.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fitting type is likely to be more permanent and difficult to remove without cutting?

    <p>Crimp-on fittings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a pipe die?

    <p>To cut threads on the outside of steel pipe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fitting is used to change the direction of a pipe run?

    <p>Elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are malleable fittings primarily made of?

    <p>Annealed cast iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fitting connects two sections of pipe in a straight line?

    <p>Coupling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of reducing bushings?

    <p>To reduce the size of a female opening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fitting must be used to complete the final pipe run?

    <p>Union</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are nipples used for in piping systems?

    <p>To connect fittings that are close together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fitting is specifically designed with male threads on the outside and female threads on the inside?

    <p>Bushing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of tapering threads during piping?

    <p>To create binding and sealing during tightening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tool is specifically designed to hold steel pipe securely for cutting or threading?

    <p>Pipe vise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is used to remove the inside burr from cut ends of pipes?

    <p>Pipe reamer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of pipe compound or Teflon™ tape in plumbing?

    <p>To ensure a leakproof seal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pipe wrench does NOT leave marks on the pipe?

    <p>Strap-type wrench</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which purpose might one use a pipe cutter?

    <p>To perform heavy-duty cutting of steel pipe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done to the reamer in relation to the pipe?

    <p>Use a reamer of a matched size to the pipe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pipe vise can be electrically powered?

    <p>Yoke type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of leaks in steel pipes?

    <p>Loose connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an advantage of rigid plastic pipe over metal pipe?

    <p>Does not rot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of ABS pipe?

    <p>Drain, waste, and vent piping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be checked before using rigid plastic pipe?

    <p>Local building codes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plastic pipe is typically off-white or cream-colored?

    <p>CPVC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential to prevent joint failures when solvent-welding plastic pipes?

    <p>Following instructions carefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of Schedule 80 plastic pipe?

    <p>It has a thicker wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which benefit does NOT apply to rigid plastic piping?

    <p>Allows for lower flow rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of solvent cement should be used with different types of plastic?

    <p>Different solvent cement for each type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial step in preparing pipes for solvent welding?

    <p>Cutting the pipe square and removing burrs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done in case of solvent cement contact with skin or eyes?

    <p>Flush with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should primer be applied to plastic pipes?

    <p>Using a tool like a dauber or brush</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action if not using solvent cement?

    <p>Always cover the container when not in use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When joining pipe and fitting, what should be done after inserting the pipe?

    <p>Rotate one-quarter turn and hold for 20 to 30 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What precaution should be taken when using solvent cements?

    <p>Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tooling is necessary when applying cement to ensure a proper joint?

    <p>A generous coating around the outside and an even layer inside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Plastic Pipe Fittings

    • Available in all sizes and plastic types
    • Same names as those for steel pipe
    • Do not mix pipe and fittings of different types of plastic

    Repairing Plastic Pipe

    • Usually repaired by cutting out the defective section and replacing it
    • Use matching type of plastic and solvent cement

    Adapters

    • Connect different types of pipe or tubing
    • Examples include elbows, tees, and couplings in various combinations of male or female fittings

    Push-on Pipe Fittings

    • Designed to be installed without any special tool
    • Quick, leak-proof connection
    • Used in potable water, hydronic hot water heating systems, and condensate drain lines
    • Can be removed and reused

    Crimp-on Pipe Fittings

    • Use special installation tool to crimp the fitting around the pipe
    • Used in potable water, hydronic hot water heating systems, and condensate drain lines
    • If fitting needs to be removed it will often have to be cut out
    • May not be reused

    Pipe Thread

    • Tapering causes the threads to bind and seal during tightening
    • Pipe compound (dope) or Teflon tape is used to ensure a leakproof seal
    • Check with local building authorities for requirements.

    Tools Used with Steel Pipe

    • Cutting and threading steel pipe requires specialized tools such as:
      • Pipe vise
      • Pipe cutter
      • Pipe reamer
      • Pipe wrench
      • Pipe die

    ### Pipe Vise

    • Used to securely hold steel pipe in position for cutting and threading
    • Two basic types - chain and yoke
    • Some are equipped with an electric motor to rotate the pipe

    ### Pipe Cutter

    • Clamps around the pipe
    • Wheel blade cuts around the pipe
    • Heavy-duty use for cutting steel pipe
    • Different sizes for different diameter pipe

    Pipe Reamer

    • Used to remove the inside burr from cut ends
    • Secure pipe in a vise
    • Match reamer size to pipe size
    • Can be done on black and galvanized pipe

    ### Pipe Wrench

    • Designed for holding and turning steel pipe and fittings
    • Jaw and chain types leave marks
    • Strap-type leaves no marks
    • Pipe wrenches are often used in pairs

    Pipe Die

    • Used to cut threads on the outside of steel pipe
    • Each die is accurately sized to fit a particular size of steel pipe

    ### Fittings for Steel Pipe

    • Components used to join sections of pipe
    • Made of annealed cast iron, called malleable fittings
    • Fittings are threaded
    • Sized according to the nominal size (ID) of the pipe being used

    ### Types ofPipe Fittings

    • Elbows:

      • Change the direction of a pipe run
      • Available in all sizes
      • 90° or 45° angles

    • Couplings:

      • Connect two lengths of pipe in a straight line
      • Short fitting with female threads at each end
      • Reducers are available

    • Tees:

      • Used to create a branch from an existing line
      • Available in almost any combination of sizes

    • Reducing bushings:

      • Male threads on outside, female threads on inside
      • Used to reduce the size of female opening

    • Caps and plugs:

      • Used to seal openings
      • Caps have female threads
      • Plugs have male threads

    • Unions:

      • Type of coupling
      • Must be used to complete final pipe run

    ### Nipples

    • Short lengths of pipe threaded on each end
    • Used to connect fittings that are close together

    Repairing Steel Pipe

    • Leaks are usually caused by loose connections or corrosion of the pipe
    • Loose connections can be tightened
    • Rusting or damaged sections must be replaced

    Rigid Plastic Pipe

    • Usage has increased in recent years
    • An acceptable and inexpensive means of transferring many types of liquids
    • Often replaces steel pipe in numerous applications
    • Check local building codes and authorities for usage and application

    Advantages of Rigid Plastic Pipe

    • Resistant to corrosive liquids
    • Does not rot
    • Resists growth of bacteria, algae, and fungi
    • Provides maximum flow rates
    • Tough and strong
    • Easier to handle, join, and install than metal
    • Less expensive than metal

    Types of Plastic Pipe

    • ABS (black pipe)

      • Used only for drain, waste, and vent piping

    • PVC (white pipe)

      • Used for cold water supply, drain lines, and some venting

    • CPVC (off-white, cream, tan, or grey pipe)

      • Used for hot and cold water lines or drains

    ### Plastic Pipe Sizes

    • Pipes and fittings are manufactured to conform to nominal pipe sizing of steel pipe
    • Inside (flow) diameter changes slightly with the schedule number
    • Schedule 80 has a thicker wall
    • Available in 20-foot lengths

    ### Solvent-Welding

    • A process where plastic pipe is joined chemically, also called cementing
    • Follow instructions carefully and resist shortcuts to avoid joint failures
    • Different solvent cement is required for each type of plastic pipe

    Using Solvent Cement

    • Purchased in one-pint metal containers with an application dauber
    • Different solvent cement is required for each plastic type (ABS, CPVC, PVC)
    • Always cover when not in use, do not use thinner
    • Special care is needed when joining two different types of plastic pipe

    ### Solvent Cement Safety

    • Solvent cements and primers are extremely flammable and emit dangerous vapors
    • Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing
    • Close container after each use
    • If comes in contact with skin or eyes, flush with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention

    ### Pipe Preparation

    • Proper preparation is important for a satisfactory joint
      • Pipe must be cut square
      • Burrs removed
      • Ends beveled to ensure joint will be properly solvent-welded and leakproof

    Primer Skin Contact

    • Apply primer using a tool, like a dauber or brush
    • Do not use a rag

    Making Plastic Pipe Joints

    • Applying cement:

      • Apply a generous coating around the outside surface of the pipe
      • Then apply an even layer around the inside of the socket (not too much)

    • Joining pipe and fitting:

      • Insert the pipe to the full socket depth
      • Rotate one-quarter turn
      • Hold together firmly for 20 to 30 seconds

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    Description

    This quiz covers the essentials of plastic pipe fittings, including types, repairs, and installation methods. Learn about push-on and crimp-on fittings, their applications, and proper connecting techniques. Test your understanding of how to effectively work with various plastic pipes and fittings.

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