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Questions and Answers
A plant is placed in a dark room. Which process will be most directly affected?
A plant is placed in a dark room. Which process will be most directly affected?
- The absorption of nutrients from the soil.
- The intake of water through its roots.
- The transportation of water up the stem.
- The process of photosynthesis in its leaves. (correct)
If a population of deer suddenly decreased in an ecosystem, which of the following would most likely happen to the population of mountain lions in the same ecosystem?
If a population of deer suddenly decreased in an ecosystem, which of the following would most likely happen to the population of mountain lions in the same ecosystem?
- Migrate to another ecosystem.
- Increase due to more available resources.
- Remain the same as deer are not a main food source.
- Decrease due to less available food. (correct)
Which of the following best describes the role of fungi in an ecosystem?
Which of the following best describes the role of fungi in an ecosystem?
- Producing oxygen through photosynthesis.
- Breaking down dead organisms. (correct)
- Consuming plants for energy.
- Hunting other animals for food.
In a tundra ecosystem, what is the most likely consequence of a severe winter that kills off a large portion of the plant population?
In a tundra ecosystem, what is the most likely consequence of a severe winter that kills off a large portion of the plant population?
Which of the following describes the usefulness of calories?
Which of the following describes the usefulness of calories?
Why is it difficult for young trees to grow under the canopy of a dense forest?
Why is it difficult for young trees to grow under the canopy of a dense forest?
Which of the following obtains energy and matter by eating other organisms?
Which of the following obtains energy and matter by eating other organisms?
In a meadow ecosystem, grasshoppers eat grasses, shrews eat grasshoppers, and owls eat shrews. If a pesticide were applied to the meadow, killing most of the grasshoppers, what would be the most likely short-term effect on the owl population?
In a meadow ecosystem, grasshoppers eat grasses, shrews eat grasshoppers, and owls eat shrews. If a pesticide were applied to the meadow, killing most of the grasshoppers, what would be the most likely short-term effect on the owl population?
Flashcards
Plant Needs
Plant Needs
Air, water, and nutrients are essential for plant growth and health.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
Plants use sunlight, air, and water to create food (sugar) through photosynthesis, releasing waste in the process.
Calorie
Calorie
The unit used to measure the energy content in food.
Producer
Producer
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Consumer
Consumer
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Predator
Predator
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Prey
Prey
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Decomposer
Decomposer
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Study Notes
- Air, water, and nutrients are essential for plant growth and survival.
- Roots absorb water from the soil, which then travels up the stem to the leaves.
- Leaves capture light energy from the sun to facilitate food production in the plant.
Photosynthesis
- Plants require air, sunlight, and water to produce food through photosynthesis.
- Photosynthesis involves the plant creating sugar for energy and generating waste products.
Calories and Food
- Calories measure the energy content within food.
Requirements for Baby Animals
- Baby animals need air, water, nutrients, and food to develop into adults.
Producers
- Producers, such as plants and trees, create their own food.
Consumers
- Consumers, like deer and horses, obtain energy and matter by consuming other organisms.
- First-level consumers eat only producers (plants).
How Animals Use Energy
- Animals use energy from food for warmth, movement, growth, development, and body repair.
Roles in the Food Chain
- Predators hunt, catch, and eat other animals.
- Prey are animals that predators catch and eat.
- Scavengers consume decaying plants or animals.
- Fungi act as decomposers by breaking down dead organisms.
Energy Transfer in the Food Chain
- Plants (producers) receive air, water, and energy from the sun.
- Plants convert sunlight, water, and air into food (sugar).
- Consumers (animals) gain energy by eating plants or other animals.
- Energy from food passes from producers to consumers, eventually reaching humans.
Impact of Plant Death in the Tundra
- If harsh weather kills plants in the tundra:
- Herbivores (first-level consumers) lose their food source.
- Consumers (herbivores and predators) face food scarcity.
- The ecosystem's energy flow is disrupted.
Challenges for Young Trees in the Forest
- Young trees struggle to grow on the forest floor beneath the canopy due to:
- The canopy layer blocking most sunlight.
- Tall canopy trees shading the forest floor, limiting light exposure for young plants.
- Intense competition for light, water, and nutrients, reducing the survival rate of young trees.
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