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Questions and Answers
Water and minerals enter the root by separate paths which do not converge in the stele.
False
Transpiration is the main driver of water movement in the xylem.
True
During the night, when stomata close and transpiration stops, the water is held in the stem and leaf due to the adhesion of water to the cell walls of the xylem vessels and tracheids.
True
The water potential in the leaves is generally higher than in the soil due to transpiration.
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Transpiration maintains the water potential gradient from soil to air.
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Water enters root hair cells by diffusion
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The symplast pathway carries more water than the apoplast pathway in most plant roots
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Water moves up the xylem vessels by simple diffusion
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Guard cells open or close the stomata to regulate photosynthesis
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Xerophytes are plants adapted to live in environments with abundant water
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Study Notes
Water and Mineral Uptake
- Water and minerals enter roots via distinct pathways that do not merge in the stele.
- Root hair cells absorb water primarily through diffusion.
Transpiration and Water Movement
- Transpiration drives water movement in the xylem, leading to the upward transport of water.
- During nighttime, stomata close, halting transpiration; water remains in stems and leaves due to adhesion to xylem cell walls.
Water Potential
- Water potential is typically higher in leaves than in soil, a result of continuous transpiration.
- The transpiration process helps maintain a water potential gradient from soil to air.
Pathways of Water Movement
- The symplast pathway, involving the movement of water through living plant cells, transports more water than the apoplast pathway, which involves non-living spaces.
- Water moves upward in xylem vessels by simple diffusion, driven by the transpiration pull.
Stomatal Regulation
- Guard cells control the opening and closing of stomata, regulating gas exchange necessary for photosynthesis.
Plant Adaptations
- Xerophytes are specialized plants adapted to thrive in water-abundant environments, demonstrating resilience through unique physiological traits.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the path taken by water and minerals in plants, from soil to leaves, and how transpiration drives water movement in the xylem.
