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Questions and Answers
What type of tissue is responsible for increasing the length of a plant?
What type of tissue is responsible for increasing the length of a plant?
The epidermis is replaced by periderm in older woody plants
The epidermis is replaced by periderm in older woody plants
True
What is the main function of chloroplast-containing cells?
What is the main function of chloroplast-containing cells?
Photosynthesis
The tissue that provides support in soft, non-woody plant organs is called _______________________.
The tissue that provides support in soft, non-woody plant organs is called _______________________.
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Match the following tissues with their primary functions:
Match the following tissues with their primary functions:
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What is the outermost layer of cells in a plant?
What is the outermost layer of cells in a plant?
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Hemicellulose is used as an energy source by germinating embryos
Hemicellulose is used as an energy source by germinating embryos
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The fatty substance in the cuticle that prevents water loss is called _______________________.
The fatty substance in the cuticle that prevents water loss is called _______________________.
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What is the primary function of ground tissue?
What is the primary function of ground tissue?
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Which type of meristematic growth occurs at cambium?
Which type of meristematic growth occurs at cambium?
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What is the main characteristic of sclerenchyma cells?
What is the main characteristic of sclerenchyma cells?
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What is the function of trichomes?
What is the function of trichomes?
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Which tissue provides support in young petioles?
Which tissue provides support in young petioles?
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What is the function of fibers?
What is the function of fibers?
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What is the primary function of procambium?
What is the primary function of procambium?
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Which tissue usually forms inside the vascular tissue?
Which tissue usually forms inside the vascular tissue?
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Study Notes
Meristematic Tissues
- Regions of continuous cell division and growth in plants
- Apical meristems: found at tips of root and shoots, increase in length as they produce new cells and primary tissues
- Lateral meristems: produce tissues that increase in girth of roots and stems, occur at cambium
- Intercalary meristems: found at the base of leaves and internodes
Permanent Tissues
- Plant cells that are no longer actively dividing
- Complex tissues: composed of multiple types of cells
- Dermal tissue: outermost layer of cells, protects plant from external factors
- Vascular tissue: responsible for transportation of water, nutrients, and sugars
- Ground tissue: acts as food storage and site of cellular regeneration and photosynthesis
Simple Tissues
- Parenchyma: most abundant tissue in plants, has thin cell walls and intercellular air spaces
- Collenchyma: provides support in soft, non-woody plant organs, has elongated cells with plasticity
- Sclerenchyma: support tissue composed of hard, woody cells, impregnated with lignin
- Periderm: replaces the epidermis in stems and roots of older woody plants
Meristematic Growth
- Primary growth: increase in length of plant, occurs at tips of stems and roots, takes place at apical meristems
- Secondary growth: increase in girth of plants, occurs in gymnosperms or woody eudicots, takes place at lateral meristems
Other Tissues and Structures
- Protoderm: found in outermost layer of cells, has flat, brick-shaped cells
- Cuticle: prevents water loss, forms a waxy layer on the surface of plants
- Pro cambium: forms cambium and primary vascular tissues
- Cortex: ground tissue that usually forms between dermal and vascular tissue
- Pith: ground tissue that usually forms inside the vascular tissue
- Hemicellulose: used as energy source by germinating embryos
- Chlorenchyma: chloroplast-containing cells that specialize in photosynthesis
- Aerenchyma: tissue with extensive connected air/intracellular spaces
- Sclereids: protects seeds inside fruit, forms impenetrable surfaces
- Fibers: resist attacks from insects, fungi, and pests
- Cutin: fatty substance in cuticle that prevents loss of water
- Trichomes: special outgrowths or hairs
- Stomata: tiny pores that facilitate diffusion of carbon dioxide
- Cork cells: cells that are dead at maturity and are coated with suberin
- Xylem: conducts water and minerals, and is dead at maturity
- Phloem: distributes food and minerals
Meristematic Tissues
- Regions of continuous cell division and growth in plants
- Apical meristems: found at tips of root and shoots, increase in length as they produce new cells and primary tissues
- Lateral meristems: produce tissues that increase in girth of roots and stems, occur at cambium
- Intercalary meristems: found at the base of leaves and internodes
Permanent Tissues
- Plant cells that are no longer actively dividing
- Complex tissues: composed of multiple types of cells
- Dermal tissue: outermost layer of cells, protects plant from external factors
- Vascular tissue: responsible for transportation of water, nutrients, and sugars
- Ground tissue: acts as food storage and site of cellular regeneration and photosynthesis
Simple Tissues
- Parenchyma: most abundant tissue in plants, has thin cell walls and intercellular air spaces
- Collenchyma: provides support in soft, non-woody plant organs, has elongated cells with plasticity
- Sclerenchyma: support tissue composed of hard, woody cells, impregnated with lignin
- Periderm: replaces the epidermis in stems and roots of older woody plants
Meristematic Growth
- Primary growth: increase in length of plant, occurs at tips of stems and roots, takes place at apical meristems
- Secondary growth: increase in girth of plants, occurs in gymnosperms or woody eudicots, takes place at lateral meristems
Other Tissues and Structures
- Protoderm: found in outermost layer of cells, has flat, brick-shaped cells
- Cuticle: prevents water loss, forms a waxy layer on the surface of plants
- Pro cambium: forms cambium and primary vascular tissues
- Cortex: ground tissue that usually forms between dermal and vascular tissue
- Pith: ground tissue that usually forms inside the vascular tissue
- Hemicellulose: used as energy source by germinating embryos
- Chlorenchyma: chloroplast-containing cells that specialize in photosynthesis
- Aerenchyma: tissue with extensive connected air/intracellular spaces
- Sclereids: protects seeds inside fruit, forms impenetrable surfaces
- Fibers: resist attacks from insects, fungi, and pests
- Cutin: fatty substance in cuticle that prevents loss of water
- Trichomes: special outgrowths or hairs
- Stomata: tiny pores that facilitate diffusion of carbon dioxide
- Cork cells: cells that are dead at maturity and are coated with suberin
- Xylem: conducts water and minerals, and is dead at maturity
- Phloem: distributes food and minerals
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Description
This quiz covers the different types of plant tissues, including meristematic and permanent tissues, and their functions in plant growth and development.
