18 Questions
Which type of plant tissue makes the plant hard and stiff?
Sclerenchyma
In which part of the plant is sclerenchyma tissue commonly found?
Around vascular bundles
What is the main function of xylem fibers in plants?
Support and mechanical strength
Which type of plant tissue has cells with thick lignified walls and no intercellular space inside the cell?
Sclerenchyma
What is the function of phloem in a plant?
Transport of organic nutrients like sugars
Which plant tissue is involved in the transport of water and minerals from roots to other parts of the plant?
Xylem
Which type of tissue is made of more than one type of cells that coordinate to perform a common function?
Complex permanent tissue
What is the main function of phloem parenchyma cells in plants?
Storage of food materials
Which structure in phloem tissue is responsible for maintaining a connection between sieve tube members?
Sieve plate
What is the main function of xylem fibres in plants?
Provide mechanical support
In the context of plant tissues, what distinguishes sieve tubes from sieve plates?
Structural differences in the cells
Which type of cells coordinate the movement during breathing in animals?
Muscle cells
What is the main function of phloem in a plant?
Transporting food from leaves to other parts of the plant
Which of the following cell types is not found in the xylem tissue?
Companion cells
What is the distinctive feature of sieve tubes in the phloem tissue?
Perforated walls
What is the main function of xylem fibres within a plant?
Supportive structure
Which type of cells are responsible for storing food within the xylem tissue?
Xylem parenchyma
What is the role of phloem fibres within the phloem tissue?
Providing structural support
Study Notes
Plant Tissues
- Epidermis in desert plants has a thick waxy coating of cutin, which provides waterproof quality.
- In older plants, the outer protective tissue undergoes changes, forming a layer of cork cells.
- Cork cells are dead, compactly arranged without intercellular spaces, and have a substance called suberin in their walls, making them impervious to gases and water.
- Cork cells are a distinctive feature of complex plants, enabling their survival in terrestrial environments.
Xylem and Phloem
- Xylem consists of tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma, and xylem fibers.
- Tracheids and vessels have thick walls, are often dead cells when mature, and are tubular structures for transporting water and minerals vertically.
- Xylem parenchyma stores food, while xylem fibers are mainly supportive in function.
- Phloem is composed of sieve cells, sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibers, and phloem parenchyma.
- Sieve tubes are tubular cells with perforated walls, transporting food from leaves to other parts of the plant.
- Except phloem fibers, other phloem cells are living cells.
Types of Tissues
- Simple permanent tissue is made of one type of cells, such as parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma.
- Complex tissues are made of more than one type of cells, coordinating to perform a common function, examples being xylem and phloem.
Sclerenchyma
- Sclerenchyma is a type of permanent tissue that makes plants hard and stiff.
- It is found in stems, around vascular bundles, in the veins of leaves, and in the hard covering of seeds and nuts.
- Sclerenchyma cells are dead, long, and narrow, with thickened walls due to lignin, often leaving no internal space inside the cell.
Epidermis
- Epidermis is the outermost layer of cells, usually made of a single layer of cells.
- It can be observed under a microscope by peeling and staining it with safranin.
Test your knowledge on plant tissues, specifically focusing on the epidermis, cork, and growth patterns of plants. Explore why some plants like desert plants have a thick waxy coating on their epidermis and learn about the differences in outer layers of branches and young stems.
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