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Questions and Answers
In plant tissues, which of the following describes the primary function of transfer cells?
In plant tissues, which of the following describes the primary function of transfer cells?
- Enhancing surface area for increased transport capabilities. (correct)
- Facilitating gas exchange through loosely arranged structures.
- Providing structural support due to their thick cell walls.
- Protecting the plant from water loss with a waxy cuticle.
If a plant is undergoing secondary growth, which meristem is most active?
If a plant is undergoing secondary growth, which meristem is most active?
- Primary meristem.
- Intercalary meristem.
- Apical meristem.
- Lateral meristem. (correct)
Which of the following is the primary function of lenticels found in the periderm?
Which of the following is the primary function of lenticels found in the periderm?
- To secrete protective substances on the plant's surface.
- To facilitate gas exchange between the plant and the environment. (correct)
- To provide structural support to the outer bark.
- To prevent water loss from the plant's surface.
How does the arrangement of sclereids within plant tissue contribute to its function?
How does the arrangement of sclereids within plant tissue contribute to its function?
Which of these characteristics is associated with collenchyma cells?
Which of these characteristics is associated with collenchyma cells?
What role do companion cells play within the phloem tissue?
What role do companion cells play within the phloem tissue?
If a plant lacks the ability to produce cutin, what is the most likely consequence?
If a plant lacks the ability to produce cutin, what is the most likely consequence?
You are examining a cross-section of a plant stem under a microscope and observe the presence of xylem and phloem. What kind of tissue are you observing?
You are examining a cross-section of a plant stem under a microscope and observe the presence of xylem and phloem. What kind of tissue are you observing?
In regions of active growth, such as at the tips of shoots and roots, what type of meristem is primarily responsible for cell division?
In regions of active growth, such as at the tips of shoots and roots, what type of meristem is primarily responsible for cell division?
In some plant species, intercalary meristems are located in between nodes. What is their primary function?
In some plant species, intercalary meristems are located in between nodes. What is their primary function?
Flashcards
Meristematic Tissue
Meristematic Tissue
Permanent regions of actively dividing cells in plants.
Apical Meristem
Apical Meristem
Responsible for the primary growth of a plant, found at root and shoot tips.
Lateral Meristem
Lateral Meristem
Produces secondary tissue, leading to secondary growth (increases width).
Parenchyma
Parenchyma
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Chlorenchyma
Chlorenchyma
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Collenchyma
Collenchyma
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Sclerenchyma
Sclerenchyma
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Xylem
Xylem
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Phloem
Phloem
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Epidermis
Epidermis
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Study Notes
- Organs are made of tissues
Meristematic Tissue
- Permanent regions of active cell division
- Types include apical, primary, and lateral meristems, as well as intercalary meristem
- Apical meristem causes primary growth
- Apical meristem is found at root/shoot tips
- Primary meristem produces primary tissues from the apical meristem
- Lateral meristem produces secondary tissues that leads to secondary growth
- Includes vascular cambium and cork cambium
- Xylem and pholem are inside bark, which makes protective tissue
- Intercalary meristem increases stem length in some plants
- Found in between nodes
- Tissue is made by meristem
Simple Tissue
- One cell type
- Parenchyma is thin, flexible, and long-living
- Aerenchyma is parenchyma with air spaces
- Chlorenchyma is parenchyma with chloroplasts
- Transfer cells have extensions with surface area
- Collenchyma is thick, flexible, and provides support
- Sclerenchyma is thick and rigid, providing support
- Sclereids are hard and scattered in the tissue
- Fibers are long, thin, and have a lumen
Complex Tissue
- More than one cell type
- Xylem is made of parenchyma fibers, vessels (long tubes that transport water), and tracheids
- Phloem is made of parenchyma, sieve tube members, and companion cells
Protective Tissue
- Epidermis includes guard cells, secretory glands, and hairs
- Cutin cuticle prevents H2O loss
- Root epidermal cells make root hairs
- Periderm (outer bark) replaces epidermis in older plants
- Cork cells are dead when mature and make suberin for protection
- Lenticels are loosely arranged cells that allow gas exchange
Secretory Cells and Tissues
- Functions independently or as part of tissue
- Examples include flower nectar, citrus oil, glandular mucus, latex, and resin
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