Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between cells and tissues in multicellular organisms?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between cells and tissues in multicellular organisms?
- Cells are not specialized, but tissues perform generalized functions within the organism.
- Cells operate independently, and tissues are formed by random groupings of cells.
- Cells are highly specialized and work together in groups called tissues to carry out life processes. (correct)
- Cells operate in isolation, but tissues are unrelated to cellular function.
Tissues are arranged into organs, where each organ carries out a general function applicable to all parts of the plant.
Tissues are arranged into organs, where each organ carries out a general function applicable to all parts of the plant.
False (B)
What are the three major tissue systems found in plants?
What are the three major tissue systems found in plants?
- Epidermal, cambium, and vascular tissue
- Meristematic, dermal, and cortex tissue
- Dermal, ground, and vascular tissue (correct)
- Vascular, xylem and pholem tissue
The epidermis of a plant is covered by a waxy ______ which helps prevent excessive water loss.
The epidermis of a plant is covered by a waxy ______ which helps prevent excessive water loss.
Which of the following best describes the function of root hairs in the dermal tissue?
Which of the following best describes the function of root hairs in the dermal tissue?
Match the vascular tissue type with its primary function:
Match the vascular tissue type with its primary function:
Which statement accurately differentiates xylem from phloem?
Which statement accurately differentiates xylem from phloem?
Ground tissue includes vascular and dermal tissue.
Ground tissue includes vascular and dermal tissue.
Which of the following is a primary function of parenchyma cells?
Which of the following is a primary function of parenchyma cells?
Unlike parenchyma cells, collenchyma cells have ______ cell walls to give support.
Unlike parenchyma cells, collenchyma cells have ______ cell walls to give support.
Which characteristic is unique to sclerenchyma cells compared to parenchyma and collenchyma cells?
Which characteristic is unique to sclerenchyma cells compared to parenchyma and collenchyma cells?
Sclerenchyma cells are primarily responsible for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant.
Sclerenchyma cells are primarily responsible for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant.
In a dicot root, which tissue layer is primarily responsible for selective mineral and water uptake?
In a dicot root, which tissue layer is primarily responsible for selective mineral and water uptake?
What role does the endodermis play in the dicot root?
What role does the endodermis play in the dicot root?
What is the main function of the cortex in a dicot root?
What is the main function of the cortex in a dicot root?
In a dicot stem, vascular bundles are randomly scattered throughout the ground tissue.
In a dicot stem, vascular bundles are randomly scattered throughout the ground tissue.
Match the tissue with its location in the dicot stem:
Match the tissue with its location in the dicot stem:
Which tissue type is most abundant in a dicot leaf and specialized for photosynthesis?
Which tissue type is most abundant in a dicot leaf and specialized for photosynthesis?
The epidermis of leaves and stems is perforated by microscopic pores called ______.
The epidermis of leaves and stems is perforated by microscopic pores called ______.
What is the primary function of stomata in plant leaves?
What is the primary function of stomata in plant leaves?
Stomata are usually more commonly found on the upper side of leaves.
Stomata are usually more commonly found on the upper side of leaves.
What are the three types of ground tissue?
What are the three types of ground tissue?
Based on the concepts of tissue and organ, which of the following represents an organ in a dicotyledonous plant?
Based on the concepts of tissue and organ, which of the following represents an organ in a dicotyledonous plant?
To enable multicellular organisms to carry out life processes, cells are highly ______ to perform specific functions.
To enable multicellular organisms to carry out life processes, cells are highly ______ to perform specific functions.
A transverse section of a dicotyledonous stem would illustrate which of the following tissues?
A transverse section of a dicotyledonous stem would illustrate which of the following tissues?
Flashcards
What are tissues?
What are tissues?
Groups of closely associated or similar cells that perform a common function.
What is an organ?
What is an organ?
A structure consisting of several tissues adapted as a group to perform specific functions
What is dermal tissue?
What is dermal tissue?
The plant's outer protective covering.
What is the cuticle?
What is the cuticle?
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What are guard cells and root hairs?
What are guard cells and root hairs?
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What is stomata?
What is stomata?
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What are vascular tissues?
What are vascular tissues?
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What is xylem?
What is xylem?
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What is phloem?
What is phloem?
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What is ground tissue?
What is ground tissue?
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What is parenchyma?
What is parenchyma?
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What is collenchyma?
What is collenchyma?
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What is sclerenchyma?
What is sclerenchyma?
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What is chlorenchyma?
What is chlorenchyma?
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Study Notes
- Cells in multicellular organisms do not operate independently.
- Multicellular organisms' cells are highly specialized to perform specific functions.
- Specialized cells work together in groups called tissues.
- Tissues are groups of closely associated, similar cells performing a common function.
- Tissues arrange into organs, each performing a particular function.
- The major organs in plants are leaves, stems, and roots.
- The levels of biological organization: cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms.
- There are three major tissue systems with specialized functions in plants: dermal, ground, and vascular tissue.
Dermal Tissue
- Dermal tissue is the plant's outer, protective covering.
- The epidermis, usually one layer of cells, covers the entire plant in non-woody plants.
- These cells are covered on their outer surface by a waxy cuticle.
- A cuticle prevents excessive water loss.
- Some epidermal cells modify for various functions.
- Examples of modified epidermal cells include guard cells and root hairs.
- The epidermis of leaves, and stems, is perforated by thousands of microscopic pores called stomata.
- Stomata are more common on the underside of leaves.
Vascular Tissue
- Vascular tissues are specialized conducting tissues.
- Vascular tissues transport water, minerals, and other dissolved substances throughout the plant.
- The two types of vascular tissue: xylem and pholem.
- Xylem transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots to all parts of the plant.
- Phloem transports sugars from where they are made to where they are needed.
Ground Tissue
- Ground tissue consists of the tissue that is neither vascular nor dermal.
- It makes up the primary body of a plant in the interior of roots, stems, and leaves.
- There are three types of ground tissue: parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma.
- Parenchyma is the most abundant tissue and makes up the soft parts of the plant.
- The cells have a relatively thin and flexible cell wall and are the least specialized.
- Parenchyma cells perform most of the metabolic functions of the plant are able to divide and differentiate.
- Collenchyma consists of elongated living cells which provides support.
- Collenchyma cells have thicker cell walls than parenchyma.
- Collenchyma does not have lignin, which allows it to be flexible.
- It can be found in the midribs of leaves, in petioles, and in young stems.
- Sclerenchyma also provides support, but to parts of the plant that are no longer growing.
- Sclerenchyma cells have thick lignified cell walls that provide rigidity.
- Sclerenchyma is dead at functional maturity.
- It is found in nutshells, seed coats, and American apple cores.
- The bulk of a dicot leaf is composed of parenchyma tissue called chlorenchyma.
- These cells contain significant chloroplasts and are specialized for photosynthesis.
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