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Questions and Answers
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the plant epidermis?
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the plant epidermis?
- It is multi-layered to maximize photosynthetic capacity in the outer cells.
- It lacks a cuticle to ensure maximum water absorption.
- It facilitates the unregulated exchange of water and nutrients with the external environment.
- It protects the plant and regulates water and nutrient exchange with the environment. (correct)
What structural feature distinguishes the epidermis of aerial plant organs from the epidermis of roots?
What structural feature distinguishes the epidermis of aerial plant organs from the epidermis of roots?
- The presence of a cuticle. (correct)
- The absence of a cuticle.
- The presence of numerous trichomes.
- The presence of stomata.
How do hydathodes differ functionally from stomata?
How do hydathodes differ functionally from stomata?
- Hydathodes can open and close to control water release, unlike stomata.
- Hydathodes are found primarily on the upper leaf surface, stomata on the lower.
- Hydathodes regulate transpiration, while stomata facilitate guttation.
- Hydathodes facilitate guttation, while stomata regulate transpiration. (correct)
What is the primary characteristic of sclerenchyma cells that make them suitable for their function?
What is the primary characteristic of sclerenchyma cells that make them suitable for their function?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the directionality of transport in vascular tissues?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the directionality of transport in vascular tissues?
In a collateral vascular bundle, which arrangement describes the relative positions of xylem and phloem?
In a collateral vascular bundle, which arrangement describes the relative positions of xylem and phloem?
What is a primary function of the assimilative tissue?
What is a primary function of the assimilative tissue?
In plants adapted to moist environments, what is the primary function of aerenchyma tissue?
In plants adapted to moist environments, what is the primary function of aerenchyma tissue?
Which type of trichome is most likely to cause a stinging sensation when touched?
Which type of trichome is most likely to cause a stinging sensation when touched?
What distinguishes bi-collateral vascular bundles from collateral ones?
What distinguishes bi-collateral vascular bundles from collateral ones?
Flashcards
Trváce pletivá
Trváce pletivá
Tkanivá tvorené bunkami špecializovanými na určité funkcie
Krycie pletivá
Krycie pletivá
Pokrývajú povrch rastliny, chránia ju a umožňujú výmenu látok
Pokožka (epidermis)
Pokožka (epidermis)
Jedna vrstva plochých buniek, často s kutikulou
Prieduchy (stomata)
Prieduchy (stomata)
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Chlpy (trichómy)
Chlpy (trichómy)
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Vodivé pletivá
Vodivé pletivá
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Transpiračný prúd
Transpiračný prúd
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Asimilačný prúd
Asimilačný prúd
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Základné pletivá
Základné pletivá
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Asimilačné pletivo
Asimilačné pletivo
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Study Notes
- Permanent tissues are made of cells specialized for certain functions
- There are three types: covering tissues, vascular tissues and ground tissues
Covering Tissue System
- Covers the surface, protects the plant body, and regulates water and nutrient exchange with the environment
- Epidermis consists of a single layer of flat cells.
- The aerial parts of the plant have an outer layer covered in cutin (cuticle)
- Root epidermis doesn't have this function because it would prevent water intake
- Stomata facilitate transpiration (water vapor release) and are formed by two bean-shaped guard cells
- Most stomata are on the underside of leaves in dicots, and on both sides in monocots
- Hydatodes, which are similar to stomata but cannot close, release water droplets (guttation)
- Trichomes are outgrowths from the epidermis
- Protective (covering)
- Secrete water-based solutions (glandular)
- Irritant, causing skin rashes or burning sensations
- Emergences: protective outgrowths such as thorns
Vascular Tissue System
- Found only in higher plants
- Transports substances in two directions
- Transpiration stream: Carries inorganic substances from roots to leaves
- Assimilation stream: Carries organic substances from leaves to where they are more needed
- Xylem transports the transpiration stream
- Phloem transports the assimilation stream
- Xylem and pholem make up vascular bundles
- Types of vascular bundles are based on the arrangement of xylem and pholem:
- Collateral: xylem inside, pholem outside
- Bicollateral: one xylem and two pholem parts
- Concentric: xylem surrounding pholem, or vice versa
- Radial: alternating xylem and pholem strands
Ground Tissue System
- Composed of parenchyma cells, which fill the spaces between covering and vascular tissues
- Several types:
- Assimilative tissue has many chloroplasts
- Storage tissue lacks chloroplasts
- Water-storage tissue is found in succulents
- Aerating tissue: common in plants living in wet environments
- Secretory tissue consists of specialized cells whose contents die
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