Plant Tissue Culture Applications

The production of new organs that were not previously present in a plant explant.

Plant tissues or organs capable of developing into new organs.

New shoots or roots, formed on cultured plant tissues, that are not derived from existing ones.

The process by which a somatic cell differentiates into an embryo.

Embryos formed by somatic cells through somatic embryogenesis.

A mass of unspecialized and unorganized cells, formed when explants are cultured under specific conditions.

The process where callus cells differentiate into specific tissues or organs.

The process where specialized cells revert to the undifferentiated state, forming callus.

Cells in explant dedifferentiate and begin to divide, marking the initial stage of callus culture.

The rapidly dividing cells in a callus culture, characterized by fast growth and multiplication.

The final stage of callus culture where cells differentiate and organize into structures like roots or shoots.

Callus that has the ability to regenerate complete plants through organogenesis or embryogenesis.

Callus that lacks the ability to regenerate plants, often due to its loose cellular structure.

A technique where cells from a plant are grown in a liquid medium, allowing for rapid and efficient propagation.

A period where cells in a cell suspension culture prepare for active growth and division.

A phase in cell suspension culture where cell division occurs at its highest rate.

Variations in plant cells that arise from somatic (non-sexual) cell cultures. Changes are often heritable.

A method for quickly producing many identical plants.

This method is used to create new varieties, but it's often used to create new lines of genetically modified organisms, or GMOs.

Changes in genetic makeup, both positive and negative. May include changes in traits like resistance to diseases, increased yield, or tolerance to harsh environments.

Changes can be unpredictable, leading to unwanted traits in plants and making it difficult to ensure consistent quality and uniformity.

The process of producing haploid plants from pollen grains.

A common technique in plant biotechnology that involves growing plant cells, tissues, or organs in a controlled environment.

The ability of a plant to regenerate new organs from its tissues.

The preservation of genetic material in a controlled environment to ensure access to diverse plant species.

The storage of genetic material at extremely low temperatures, often in liquid nitrogen.

Genetic variation observed among plants regenerated from somatic cells in tissue culture.

A specialized vessel used in biotechnology to cultivate organisms, typically microorganisms or plant cells, under controlled conditions like temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and aeration. It enables large-scale production of bioproducts.

The phase in a microbial culture where the population of viable cells decreases due to factors like nutrient depletion, accumulation of toxic byproducts, or unfavorable environmental conditions.

A plant cell that has had its cell wall removed enzymatically, usually using enzymes like cellulases and pectinases.

A technique in plant genetic modification where protoplasts from two different plant species are fused together, creating a hybrid plant with traits from both parents.

A plant with only one set of chromosomes in its cells, unlike diploid plants which have two sets.

The process of producing haploid plants from pollen or anthers, using techniques like anther culture.

Techniques that allow the production of haploid plants in vitro (outside of the plant's natural environment) using methods like androgenesis, gynogenesis, and others.