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Questions and Answers
The stem is the organ of the ______ that holds the structure such as leaves, flowers and fruits.
The stem is the organ of the ______ that holds the structure such as leaves, flowers and fruits.
plant
Stems have many important jobs in a ______.
Stems have many important jobs in a ______.
plant
Stems support the ______. They hold the leaves in the most efficient position to collect sunlight.
Stems support the ______. They hold the leaves in the most efficient position to collect sunlight.
leaves
The movement of materials through vascular tissues is known as ______.
The movement of materials through vascular tissues is known as ______.
Stems that are ______ in color help produce food through photosynthesis.
Stems that are ______ in color help produce food through photosynthesis.
A ______ is a point on the stem from which leaves or buds arise.
A ______ is a point on the stem from which leaves or buds arise.
A bud is an embryonic ______ which has the potential for further plant growth.
A bud is an embryonic ______ which has the potential for further plant growth.
The portion between two successive nodes is the ______.
The portion between two successive nodes is the ______.
Lenticels are dark spots or elevation that allows ______ exchange in the stem.
Lenticels are dark spots or elevation that allows ______ exchange in the stem.
Bundle scars are scars that mark the location of the ______ conducting tissue located within the leaf scars.
Bundle scars are scars that mark the location of the ______ conducting tissue located within the leaf scars.
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Study Notes
Stem Functions and Characteristics
- The stem is the organ that holds the plant's structure, including leaves, flowers, and fruits.
- It carries water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.
- Stems have various jobs, including determining the size and shape of a plant.
Support and Transport
- Stems support the leaves, holding them in the most efficient position to collect sunlight.
- They move water, minerals, and manufactured food throughout the plant through a process called translocation.
Food Production and Storage
- Green stems can produce food through photosynthesis, which is important in plants with no leaves or small leaves.
- Stems can store food manufactured by the plant.
Types of Stems
Herbaceous Stems
- Have soft, green stems and naked buds.
- Covered with epidermis.
- Grow to a small diameter.
- Live only for one season (annual).
- Have primary tissues only.
Woody Stems
- Have brown cover and are chiefly covered by scales.
- Covered with periderm or bark.
- Grow to a considerable diameter.
- Live year after year (perennial).
- Have secondary tissues.
Stem Components
- A node is a point on the stem where leaves or buds arise.
- The portion between two successive nodes is the internode.
- A bud is an embryonic stem with potential for further plant growth.
- Types of buds: Axillary Bud and Terminal Bud.
Leaf Components
- A petiole is a stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem.
- Stipules are paired leaf-like appendages at the base of the petiole.
- Leaf scars are scars left by a fallen leaf.
- Bundle scars are scars that mark the location of the water-conducting tissue within the leaf scars.
- Lenticels are dark spots or elevations that allow gas exchange in the stem.
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