Plant Structure and Functions

Plant Parts

• A plant has several different parts that perform various functions.
• The two main parts of a plant are the root and shoot.

Root

• The root grows underground.
• It helps anchor the plant on the ground.
• It absorbs water and minerals necessary for plant growth.

Shoot

• The shoot grows above ground.
• It has different parts such as stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits.

Stem

• The stem is the support of the plant.
• It helps the plant stand upright.
• It carries water and minerals from the roots to the leaves and carries food prepared by the leaves to different parts of the plant.

Leaves

• Leaves grow on the stem and branches.
• They are usually green due to the presence of chlorophyll, which helps them prepare food.
• They have small openings called stomata, through which plants take in and give out air.

Flowers

• Flowers are the reproductive parts of the plant.
• They come in different shapes, sizes, and colors.
• Through the process of pollination, many flowers develop into delicious fruits, which are eaten by us.

Branches

• Branches are parts that grow from the stem.

Plant Parts

• A plant has several distinct parts that perform various essential functions.

Root

• Grows underground, anchoring the plant in the soil.
• Absorbs water and minerals necessary for plant growth.

Shoot

• Grows above ground, comprising multiple parts.

Stem

• Serves as the plant's support, allowing it to stand upright.
• Transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.
• Carries food produced by the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Leaves

• Grow on the stem and branches, typically green due to chlorophyll.
• Prepare food for the plant through photosynthesis.
• Have tiny openings called stomata for gas exchange.

Flowers

• Function as the reproductive parts of the plant.
• Come in diverse shapes, sizes, and colors.
• Undergo pollination, leading to the formation of fruits.

Branches

• Grow from the stem, contributing to the plant's overall structure.

Importance of Plants

• Plants are living entities that require food, water, and sunlight to survive, similar to humans.
• They need these essential elements to carry out their life processes, grow, and reproduce.

Plant Parts and Functions

• Roots, stem, leaves, branches, flowers, and fruits are the essential parts of a plant.
• These parts work together to provide food, oxygen, and other necessities for human life.

Contribution of Plants to Human Life

• Plants provide food, medicine, shelter, and oxygen for humans to breathe.
• They are the source of everything we eat, directly or indirectly.
• Plants support the survival of herbivores, omnivores, and even carnivores, which rely on plant-eating animals.

Ecological Role of Plants

• Plants provide refuge and habitat for many animals.
• They are necessary for maintaining soil quality by decomposing and providing nutrient-rich topsoil.
• Plants help reduce erosion by holding soil in place with their roots.

Photosynthesis

• Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the environment through photosynthesis.
• They release oxygen as a byproduct, which is essential for human respiration.