Plant Signaling Mechanisms Quiz

______ are sessile organisms. Can perceive environmental cues (light, mechanical, chemical) and respond through different ways (elongation during etiolation, jasmonic and salicylic acid production during herbivory, secondary metabolites). SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAY - One or more sequences of biochemical reactions connecting the stimulus with a cellular response. - Coordinate gene expression through transcription factors with environmental conditions and development. - Involves secondary messengers, hormones, protein kinases, phosphatases (for amplification of initial signal). - Responsible for plant immunity against pathogens and physical damages. Parts Involved: ▪ Receptors – cell surface/cell membrane; recognize or bind the stimuli, triggering a signal cascade (through ion-, protein-, or enzymelinked systems). ▪ Transduction Proteins, Secondary Messengers – pass through nuclear membrane and deliver message to transcription factors. ▪ Transcription Factors – attach to the DNA segment needed. ▪ Nucleus – where the corresponding gene for the response will be transcribed and translated to a protein or other gene. o Sometimes, it is not just a single gene product, carried out to develop morphological or developmental change. Signal transduction in ______: ▪ Etiolation: yellowing and elongation of the hypocotyl of seedlings when grown in the dark.