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Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the primary function of sieve tube members?
Which of the following best describes the primary function of sieve tube members?
- To protect the plant by forming a thick epidermal layer.
- To synthesize proteins needed for photosynthesis.
- To provide structural support with hardened cell walls.
- To facilitate the long-distance transport of sugars. (correct)
What is the main function of companion cells in relation to sieve tube members?
What is the main function of companion cells in relation to sieve tube members?
- To synthesize cutin that protects sieve tube members.
- To assist the sieve tube members with necessary metabolic functions. (correct)
- To provide structural rigidity with their thick cell walls.
- To create a protective layer that surrounds the phloem.
Which of the given options represents a key characteristic of the plant epidermis?
Which of the given options represents a key characteristic of the plant epidermis?
- Layer of cells with a high concentration of photosynthetic pigments.
- A specialized tissue for sugar transportation throughout the plant.
- A one-cell thick layer that performs a protective function. (correct)
- A thick multi-layered structure responsible for water storage.
What unique feature of sieve tube members prevents leakage when a part of the plant is damaged?
What unique feature of sieve tube members prevents leakage when a part of the plant is damaged?
What is the primary function of cutin in plant tissues?
What is the primary function of cutin in plant tissues?
Flashcards
Phloem
Phloem
A type of plant tissue specialized for transporting sugars and other nutrients throughout the plant.
Sieve Tube Members
Sieve Tube Members
Long, tube-like cells in phloem that lack nuclei and secondary cell walls, forming a continuous pathway for nutrient transport.
Companion Cells
Companion Cells
Specialized cells that support the sieve tube members, providing essential proteins and nuclei for their survival.
Epidermis
Epidermis
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Cutin
Cutin
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Study Notes
Phloem
- Needs sugars to transport to leaves
- Makes food materials for photosynthesis
- Contains sieve tube members, companion cells, fibers, parenchyma cells, and ray cells
Sieve Tube Members
- Lacks secondary cell walls and nuclei
- Connected end-to-end to form sieve tubes
- Small pores in walls
- Cell walls have sieve plates to prevent damage and plug material if cut
- Needs companion cells for survival
Companion Cells
- Synthesize transport proteins
- Without companion cells, phloem loses transport cells/dies
- Helps make food by providing proteins.
Epidermis
- Protective layer (one cell thick) covering plant organs
- Thin structure allows materials to enter and exit
- Contains parenchyma cells, which include guard cells of stomata, and secretory glands/hairs
Stomata
- Guard cells (part of parenchyma cells) that regulate gas exchange in the epidermis through opening and closing
- Openings regulate water loss and CO2 intake
- Mouth-like shapes due to bending by water
Cuticle
- Fatty substance on the outer surface of epidermis
- Prevents water loss by reducing evaporation
- Increases root hair absorption area
- Stomata bordered with guard cells in leaves
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