Plant Physiology Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of roots in relation to light?

  • Conduct active transport of potassium ions
  • Absorb nutrients from the soil
  • Produce oxygen during photosynthesis
  • Exhibit negative phototropism to anchor the plant in the soil (correct)

    • How do plants obtain the oxygen gas needed for respiration?

  • Via active transport of potassium ions
  • Through the absorption of colored substances by the xylem
  • As a byproduct of photosynthesis during the day (correct)
  • By breaking down glucose and other organic molecules

    • What is the primary function of cellular respiration in plants and animals?

  • To produce energy in the form of ATP by breaking down glucose and other organic molecules (correct)
  • To anchor the plant in the soil through negative phototropism
  • To lengthen roots and shoots through primary growth
  • To transport water and dissolved minerals in the xylem

    • What is the main factor influencing the movement of water into guard cells during stomatal opening?

    <p>Active transport of potassium ions (K+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are apical meristems predominantly found in plants?

    <p>Root tips and shoot tips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of xylem in plants?

    <p>Transporting water and dissolved minerals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of parenchyma cells in plants?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are responsible for the increase in girth or thickness of plant structures?

    <p>Lateral meristem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of sclerenchyma cells in plants?

    <p>Structural support with rigid cell walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do plants ensure genetic diversity and adaptation?

    <p>Through both sexual and asexual means</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main respiratory organ in insects?

    <p>Trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cleavage divisions of the zygote lead to?

    <p>Formation of a solid ball of cells called the morula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ectoderm give rise to during embryonic development?

    <p>Nervous system, skin, and hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells provide flexible support in plants?

    <p>Collenchyma cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of roots in relation to light?

    <p>Exhibiting negative phototropism to grow away from light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor influencing the movement of water into guard cells during stomatal opening?

    <p>Active transport of potassium ions (K+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cellular respiration in both plants and animals?

    <p>To break down glucose and other organic molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are apical meristems predominantly found in plants?

    <p>In the root tips and shoot tips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals in plants?

    <p>Xylem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do roots exhibit hydrotropism to efficiently absorb water and nutrients from the soil?

    <p>By growing towards water sources using negative hydrotropism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of sclerenchyma cells in plants?

    <p>Conducting water and nutrients throughout the plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ectoderm give rise to during embryonic development?

    <p>The respiratory system and circulatory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are apical meristems predominantly found in plants?

    <p>Within the xylem and phloem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of roots in relation to light?

    <p>Storing excess nutrients and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cellular respiration in plants and animals?

    <p>Supporting the process of photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor influencing the movement of water into guard cells during stomatal opening?

    <p>The concentration of oxygen in the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of xylem in plants?

    <p>Facilitating photosynthesis and food production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cleavage divisions of the zygote lead to?

    <p>Formation of specialized respiratory organs like lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do plants ensure genetic diversity and adaptation?

    <p>Through asexual reproduction involving gametes fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of roots in relation to light?

    <p>Anchoring the plant and absorbing water and minerals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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