Plant Physiology Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of roots in relation to light?

  • Conduct active transport of potassium ions
  • Absorb nutrients from the soil
  • Produce oxygen during photosynthesis
  • Exhibit negative phototropism to anchor the plant in the soil (correct)

How do plants obtain the oxygen gas needed for respiration?

  • Via active transport of potassium ions
  • Through the absorption of colored substances by the xylem
  • As a byproduct of photosynthesis during the day (correct)
  • By breaking down glucose and other organic molecules

What is the primary function of cellular respiration in plants and animals?

  • To produce energy in the form of ATP by breaking down glucose and other organic molecules (correct)
  • To anchor the plant in the soil through negative phototropism
  • To lengthen roots and shoots through primary growth
  • To transport water and dissolved minerals in the xylem

What is the main factor influencing the movement of water into guard cells during stomatal opening?

<p>Active transport of potassium ions (K+) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are apical meristems predominantly found in plants?

<p>Root tips and shoot tips (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of xylem in plants?

<p>Transporting water and dissolved minerals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of parenchyma cells in plants?

<p>Photosynthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are responsible for the increase in girth or thickness of plant structures?

<p>Lateral meristem cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of sclerenchyma cells in plants?

<p>Structural support with rigid cell walls (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do plants ensure genetic diversity and adaptation?

<p>Through both sexual and asexual means (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main respiratory organ in insects?

<p>Trachea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cleavage divisions of the zygote lead to?

<p>Formation of a solid ball of cells called the morula (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ectoderm give rise to during embryonic development?

<p>Nervous system, skin, and hair (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells provide flexible support in plants?

<p>Collenchyma cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of roots in relation to light?

<p>Exhibiting negative phototropism to grow away from light (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor influencing the movement of water into guard cells during stomatal opening?

<p>Active transport of potassium ions (K+) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cellular respiration in both plants and animals?

<p>To break down glucose and other organic molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are apical meristems predominantly found in plants?

<p>In the root tips and shoot tips (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals in plants?

<p>Xylem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do roots exhibit hydrotropism to efficiently absorb water and nutrients from the soil?

<p>By growing towards water sources using negative hydrotropism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of sclerenchyma cells in plants?

<p>Conducting water and nutrients throughout the plant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ectoderm give rise to during embryonic development?

<p>The respiratory system and circulatory system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are apical meristems predominantly found in plants?

<p>Within the xylem and phloem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of roots in relation to light?

<p>Storing excess nutrients and water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cellular respiration in plants and animals?

<p>Supporting the process of photosynthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor influencing the movement of water into guard cells during stomatal opening?

<p>The concentration of oxygen in the air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of xylem in plants?

<p>Facilitating photosynthesis and food production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cleavage divisions of the zygote lead to?

<p>Formation of specialized respiratory organs like lungs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do plants ensure genetic diversity and adaptation?

<p>Through asexual reproduction involving gametes fusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of roots in relation to light?

<p>Anchoring the plant and absorbing water and minerals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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