BIOL2151 Plant Physiology Test 2, 2024
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Questions and Answers

How does RuBisCO primarily behave when CO2 levels are low?

  • Acts as a carboxylase (correct)
  • Inhibits carbon fixation
  • Acts as an oxygenase
  • Increases O2 incorporation

How many photons are needed to produce one molecule of oxygen during photosynthesis?

  • 8 (correct)
  • 10
  • 6
  • 2

What is the final product of the Carboxylation phase in the Calvin-Benson Cycle?

  • RuBP
  • PGA (correct)
  • Glucose
  • G3P

What are the ATP and NADPH requirements to fix 6 molecules of CO2 in the C3 carbon fixation pathway?

<p>18 ATP and 12 NADPH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that involves photolysis of water, producing reduced NADPH and ATP?

<p>Non-cyclic photophosphorylation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many photons are necessary to transport three electrons?

<p>6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Calvin cycle, what happens to RuBisCO when oxygen levels are high?

<p>Incorporates O2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for the initial fixation of carbon dioxide into an organic molecule in photosynthetic organisms?

<p>RuBisCO (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Pheophytin in the photosynthetic process?

<p>It serves as the primary electron acceptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the adaptation in C4 plants that allows CO2 to be fixed and stored effectively?

<p>CO2 is fixed and stored in the leaf (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Quanta in the context of photosynthesis?

<p>The packets of light energy absorbed by specific pigments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Plastocyanin in the photosynthetic pathway?

<p>To transport electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the 'light compensation point' in photosynthesis?

<p>The point where photosynthesis and respiration balance each other (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a factor that does NOT significantly affect the rate of photosynthesis?

<p>Leaf Surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the C3 pathway, what is required for the production of ATP and NADPH?

<p>Carbon dioxide and light (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What outcome does photorespiration represent in the photosynthetic process?

<p>Release of CO2 during photosynthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary enzyme responsible for the carboxylation phase of the Calvin-Benson Cycle?

<p>RuBisCO (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compounds are produced during the reduction phase of the Calvin-Benson Cycle?

<p>3-PGA and G3P (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the light-dependent reaction mainly occur in the chloroplast?

<p>Thylakoid Membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do ATP and NADPH play in the C3 pathway?

<p>They are utilized for the reduction of 3-PGA to G3P. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the flow of electrons in photosynthesis is true?

<p>Electrons originate from water and end up at NADPH. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of chloroplast function, which is associated with the capture of light energy?

<p>Thylakoid Membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which types of plants are shade obligate and sun obligate?

<p>Shade obligate plants require low light, whereas sun obligate ones need full sun. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The reactions that synthesize ATP and NADPH are part of which process?

<p>Light Dependent Reactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Pheophytin

The primary electron acceptor in photosynthesis, a colorless chlorophyll a molecule.

PEPcase

An enzyme crucial for carbon fixation in C4 plants.

Quanta

Packets of light energy absorbed by plant pigments during photosynthesis.

Plastocyanin

A copper-containing protein that acts as an electron carrier in photosynthesis.

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Solarization

A plant's adaptation from shade to sunlight conditions.

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Light Compensation Point

The solar exposure at which photosynthesis balances respiration.

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Photorespiration

Oxidative photosynthetic carbon cycle that releases CO2 during photosynthesis.

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C4 Photosynthesis

Adaptation in hot, dry environments where CO2 is fixed and stored in the leaf.

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RuBisCO's role in low CO2

In low CO2 environments, RuBisCO mainly acts as a carboxylase, incorporating CO2.

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RuBisCO's role in high O2

In high O2 environments, RuBisCO acts as an oxygenase, incorporating O2, hindering photosynthesis.

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Photons for Oxygen Production

Eight photons are needed to transfer electrons and produce one molecule of oxygen during photosynthesis.

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ATP and NADPH for C3 fixation

To fix 6 CO2 molecules in the C3 pathway, 18 ATP and 12 NADPH are required in the regeneration phase.

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Calvin Cycle Carboxylation

The carboxylation phase in the Calvin cycle produces 3-PGA (phosphoglycerate) as the immediate product.

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Non-cyclic photophosphorylation

This process involves water photolysis, producing reduced NADPH and ATP. Electrons flow linearly from PSII to PSI and then to NADP+.

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P700 electron transfer

Excited P700 passes electron to Fe-S proteins and then to ferredoxin.

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Photons for electron transport

Six photons are required to transport three electrons.

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Thylakoid Membrane

The internal membrane system of chloroplasts, composed of flattened, interconnected sacs called thylakoids. This membrane houses the chlorophyll and other pigments that capture light energy for photosynthesis.

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Thylakoid Lumen

The space enclosed by the thylakoid membrane, containing a high concentration of protons (H+ ions). This concentration gradient drives ATP synthesis during photosynthesis.

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Stroma

The fluid-filled region of a chloroplast, surrounding the thylakoid membranes. It contains enzymes and molecules for the Calvin cycle, where carbon dioxide is fixed into sugar.

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Grana (Singular: Granum)

Stacks of thylakoid membranes, forming interconnected compartments within the chloroplast. These stacks increase the surface area for light absorption and electron transport during photosynthesis.

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RuBisCO

The primary enzyme in the Calvin cycle, responsible for fixing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into organic molecules. It catalyzes the reaction with RuBP, a 5-carbon sugar.

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Calvin Cycle

The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, taking place in the stroma of chloroplasts. It uses ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide into sugar.

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Light-dependent Reactions

The initial phase of photosynthesis, occurring in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. This process uses light energy to generate ATP and NADPH, providing energy and reducing power for the Calvin cycle.

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Light-independent Reactions

The part of photosynthesis that doesn't directly use light energy. It occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts, using the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide to sugar.

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Study Notes

Test 2 Details

  • Course: 2024-1 BIOL2151
  • Topic: Week 10: Photosynthesis 2 and Growth & Development (14-17/10/24)
  • Test Name: Plant Physiology Test 2, 2024
  • Start Time: Tuesday, October 22, 2024, 10:08 AM
  • End Time: Tuesday, October 22, 2024, 11:21 AM
  • Time Taken: 1 hour and 13 minutes
  • Marks Scored: 54.00 out of 70.00
  • Grade: 77.14 out of 100.00

Test Questions and Answers (Part 1)

  • Question 1: Correct. (Match pictures of plants to the correct carbon fixation pathway)

    • C4 Pathway: Sugarcane
    • C3 Pathway: Bean plant
    • CAM Pathway: Agave and Jade plant

  • Question 2: Incorrect. (Short answer).

    • Correct Answer: Photosynthetically Active Radiation

  • Question 3: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: True (referencing image of the light-dependent reactions in chloroplasts).

  • Question 4: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: light and uphill (Photosynthesis uses light energy to drive electrons away from the water molecule, which involves moving electrons uphill against their potential energy gradient)

  • Question 5: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: Water molecules are split to provide electrons for photosystem II. (The splitting of water molecules during photosynthesis releases electrons necessary for the process)

  • Question 6: Incorrect.

    • Correct Answer: False. (Rubisco acts as an oxygenase when oxygen levels are high, not low)

  • Question 7: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: 8 photons

  • Question 8: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: 18 ATP and 12 NADPH

  • Question 9: Incorrect.

    • Correct Answer: PGA

  • Question 10: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: Non-cyclic photophosphorylation

  • Question 11: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: True

  • Question 12: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: 6

  • Question 13: Correct (Matching questions about photosynthesis)

    • Is the primary electron acceptor, colorless chlorophyll a. → Pheophytin.
    • Enzyme that initiates carbon fixation in C4 plant species → PEPcase.
    • In Photosynthesis, these are the packets of light energy absorbed by specific pigments → Quanta.
    • A electron carrier with a small copper-containing protein → Plastocyanin.
    • Deathly adaptation by plants, from shade leaves to sun leaves → Solarization

  • Question 14: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: Light Compensation Point

  • Question 15: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: Leaf Surface (Not a factor when considering photosynthesis rate)

  • Question 16: Incorrect.

  • Question 17: Correct.

  • Correct Answer: CO2 is fixed and stored in the leaf

  • Question 18: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: Photorespiration

  • Question 19: Incorrect.

    • Correct Answer: Thylakoid membrane

Test Questions and Answers (Part 2)

  • (incomplete data, no full question text available for Q20-24)*

  • Question 20: Incomplete question data

  • Question 21: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: Thylakoid Membrane or Stroma (depending on the specific processes)

  • Question 22: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: True

  • Question 23: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: Light-dependent reactions

  • Question 24: Correct.

    • Correct Answer: False

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Test 2 2024 Plant Physiology PDF

Description

This quiz covers Week 10 topics in BIOL2151, including photosynthesis pathways and plant growth & development processes. Test your knowledge of carbon fixation and related concepts in plant physiology. Prepare for the upcoming test by reviewing the key concepts and answers provided.

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