Plant Organs and Systems

Questions and Answers

To prevent branch formation

To produce food through photosynthesis

To raise leaves and flowers above ground

To anchor the plant in the soil and absorb minerals and water (correct)

To absorb minerals and water from the soil

To produce food through photosynthesis

To raise leaves and flowers above ground (correct)

To store food

Stems

Roots

Leaves (correct)

Bulbs

Node Signup and view all the answers

To join the leaf to the node of the stem Signup and view all the answers

Rhizomes Signup and view all the answers

To store food Signup and view all the answers

The prevention of branch formation by the terminal bud Signup and view all the answers

To allow plants to colonize large areas and reproduce asexually Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Plants have evolved two primary systems: subterranean root system and aerial shoot system comprising stems and leaves.
Three main organs of plants are stems, leaves, and roots.

Anchor the plant in the soil, providing stability.
Store food that supports plant growth.
Absorb minerals and water from the soil, primarily occurring near the root tips for optimal efficiency.

Consists of stems and leaves, functioning as key structures for the plant.
Stems elevate leaves and flowers above ground, which protects them from herbivores and enhances photosynthesis.

Stems may be vegetative (leaf-bearing) or reproductive (flower-bearing).
Nodes are points on the stem where leaves emerge.
Internodes are segments of the stem located between nodes.
Buds represent areas for stem elongation, consisting of embryonic tissues for leaves and stems (not flowers).

Terminal bud is located at the tip of stems or branches, facilitating growth.
Axillary bud can initiate new branches.
Apical dominance is the phenomenon where the terminal bud suppresses branch formation.

Primary site for photosynthesis, converting sunlight into food for the plant.
Petiole connects the leaf to the stem at the node.
Blade refers to the flattened, expanded portion of the leaf, maximizing light absorption.

Include stolons, rhizomes, tubers, and bulbs, often misidentified as roots.
Stolons are horizontal stems that enable asexual reproduction and colonization over large areas.
Rhizomes are also horizontal stems but grow underground.
Tubers are specialized swollen rhizomes adapted for food storage.
Bulbs are vertical, underground shoots, primarily comprising swollen leaf bases that store nutrients.