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Questions and Answers
What do plants need to develop?
What do plants need to develop?
- Water, light, oxygen, carbon, and mineral elements (correct)
- Water and carbon only
- Only oxygen and carbon
- Only water and light
Where do plants get their nutrients from?
Where do plants get their nutrients from?
- From the soil, air, and water (correct)
- Only from water
- Only from the air
- Only from the soil
What is the role of roots in plant nutrition?
What is the role of roots in plant nutrition?
- To release carbon dioxide
- To make food for the plant
- To produce oxygen
- To absorb water and minerals from the soil (correct)
What happens in the leaves during photosynthesis?
What happens in the leaves during photosynthesis?
What is the role of the stem in plant nutrition?
What is the role of the stem in plant nutrition?
What is the function of the leaves in plant nutrition?
What is the function of the leaves in plant nutrition?
What is produced in the leaves during photosynthesis?
What is produced in the leaves during photosynthesis?
What is the process by which plants absorb water and minerals?
What is the process by which plants absorb water and minerals?
What is the term used to describe the characteristics observed when an essential element is lacking?
What is the term used to describe the characteristics observed when an essential element is lacking?
What is the term for the death of tissues?
What is the term for the death of tissues?
Which essential element can easily pass from old leaves to young leaves?
Which essential element can easily pass from old leaves to young leaves?
What is the term used to describe the movement of minerals within the plant?
What is the term used to describe the movement of minerals within the plant?
What is the source of minerals in the soil?
What is the source of minerals in the soil?
Where are minerals stored in the soil?
Where are minerals stored in the soil?
What happens when an essential element is mobile?
What happens when an essential element is mobile?
What is the term used to describe the lack of an essential element?
What is the term used to describe the lack of an essential element?
What is the main source of water absorbed by the soil?
What is the main source of water absorbed by the soil?
What is the purpose of forces of imbibition?
What is the purpose of forces of imbibition?
What happens when the retaining forces in the soil increase?
What happens when the retaining forces in the soil increase?
What is the maximum amount of water that can be retained by the soil?
What is the maximum amount of water that can be retained by the soil?
What happens to plants when the water in the soil reaches the point of wilting?
What happens to plants when the water in the soil reaches the point of wilting?
What is the term for the point at which plants can no longer absorb water from the soil?
What is the term for the point at which plants can no longer absorb water from the soil?
How is water distributed in the soil?
How is water distributed in the soil?
What happens to the water in the soil after the point of drainage?
What happens to the water in the soil after the point of drainage?
What is the process of a substance moving from outside a cell to the inside?
What is the process of a substance moving from outside a cell to the inside?
What is the term for the amplification of an element's absorption due to the presence of another element?
What is the term for the amplification of an element's absorption due to the presence of another element?
What is the main site of absorption in the roots of a plant?
What is the main site of absorption in the roots of a plant?
What is the term for the diminution of an element's absorption due to the presence of another element?
What is the term for the diminution of an element's absorption due to the presence of another element?
What is the form in which elements are absorbed from the soil solution?
What is the form in which elements are absorbed from the soil solution?
What is the percentage of the root surface occupied by the zone pilifère?
What is the percentage of the root surface occupied by the zone pilifère?
What is the term for the passage of a substance from the inside of a cell to the outside?
What is the term for the passage of a substance from the inside of a cell to the outside?
What is the term for the movement of absorbed substances from the roots to the rest of the plant?
What is the term for the movement of absorbed substances from the roots to the rest of the plant?
What is the potentiel hydrique composed of?
What is the potentiel hydrique composed of?
What is the effect of an increase in solutés concentration on the potentiel osmotique?
What is the effect of an increase in solutés concentration on the potentiel osmotique?
What is the direction of water movement in a cell?
What is the direction of water movement in a cell?
What is the role of the pression de turgescence in plant cells?
What is the role of the pression de turgescence in plant cells?
What is the relationship between the potentiel osmotique and the concentration of solutés?
What is the relationship between the potentiel osmotique and the concentration of solutés?
What is the potentiel de pression in a plant cell?
What is the potentiel de pression in a plant cell?
What is the effect of the potentiel osmotique on the potentiel hydrique?
What is the effect of the potentiel osmotique on the potentiel hydrique?
What is the equation for the potentiel hydrique?
What is the equation for the potentiel hydrique?
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Study Notes
Nutrition in Plants
- Plants require water, light, oxygen, carbon, and minerals from the soil to develop and function properly.
- The roots, stem, and leaves are the organs of nutrition in vascular plants, making up the vegetative apparatus.
Root Hair Cells
- Root hair cells absorb water and minerals from the soil, forming the sap.
- They are found in the rhizodermis, situated at the tip of the roots, and cover 60% of the root's surface area.
- Each root hair cell is 6-8 mm long and 10-15 μm thick, with 500-2000 cells per cm², playing a crucial role in mineral absorption.
Mineral Absorption
- Minerals are absorbed from the soil solution in the form of ions.
- The absorption of minerals is selective and can be influenced by the presence of other elements.
- Some elements, like iron, are difficult to absorb at high pH levels.
Water Absorption
- Plants absorb water from the soil and atmosphere.
- Water in the soil is affected by gravity, osmotic forces, imbibition forces, and capillary forces.
- The capacity of the soil to retain water is determined by the balance between these forces.
Plant Water Relations
- The water potential of a cell is a measure of the energy of water within the cell.
- It is affected by the concentration of solutes and the pressure within the cell.
- Water moves from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential.
Osmotic Potential
- The osmotic potential (ψs) of a solution is directly proportional to its concentration.
- An increase in solute concentration decreases the osmotic potential.
- Osmotic potential is always expressed as a negative number.
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