Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of plant nutrients?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of plant nutrients?
- Regulating the expression of defensive genes against pathogens. (correct)
- Supporting the supply and absorption of chemical compounds.
- Facilitating plant growth and metabolism.
- Providing essential elements necessary for plant development.
A plant exhibits stunted root development and weakened cell walls. A deficiency in which nutrient is the MOST likely cause?
A plant exhibits stunted root development and weakened cell walls. A deficiency in which nutrient is the MOST likely cause?
- Boron (correct)
- Nitrogen
- Calcium
- Magnesium
If a plant's leaves are turning yellow, and its stomata are not opening and closing properly, which pair of nutrient deficiencies might be responsible?
If a plant's leaves are turning yellow, and its stomata are not opening and closing properly, which pair of nutrient deficiencies might be responsible?
- Magnesium and Calcium
- Chlorine and Magnesium (correct)
- Boron and Chlorine
- Calcium and Boron
A crop is experiencing poor overall growth, with limited stem and leaf development. Which nutrient deficiency is MOST likely at fault?
A crop is experiencing poor overall growth, with limited stem and leaf development. Which nutrient deficiency is MOST likely at fault?
A scientist discovers a new plant hormone. Initial tests indicate that the hormone promotes stem elongation and influences protein synthesis. Which known plant hormones share similar functions?
A scientist discovers a new plant hormone. Initial tests indicate that the hormone promotes stem elongation and influences protein synthesis. Which known plant hormones share similar functions?
Which of the following plant processes is LEAST likely to be directly influenced by plant hormones?
Which of the following plant processes is LEAST likely to be directly influenced by plant hormones?
What is the primary role of auxin in plant development?
What is the primary role of auxin in plant development?
A botanist observes that a plant is bending towards a light source. Which plant hormone is primarily responsible for this phenomenon, and what is the name of this directional growth?
A botanist observes that a plant is bending towards a light source. Which plant hormone is primarily responsible for this phenomenon, and what is the name of this directional growth?
How does auxin contribute to the phenomenon of apical dominance in plants?
How does auxin contribute to the phenomenon of apical dominance in plants?
For what reason might a plant breeder apply gibberellins to a crop?
For what reason might a plant breeder apply gibberellins to a crop?
How do gibberellins influence the process of leaf senescence?
How do gibberellins influence the process of leaf senescence?
What is a key role of cytokinins in plant development?
What is a key role of cytokinins in plant development?
A researcher is studying a plant that exhibits excessive branching from the shoot tips. Which hormone imbalance might explain this observation?
A researcher is studying a plant that exhibits excessive branching from the shoot tips. Which hormone imbalance might explain this observation?
A plant is experiencing premature leaf detachment, seed dormancy, and inhibited germination. Which hormone is MOST likely responsible for these symptoms?
A plant is experiencing premature leaf detachment, seed dormancy, and inhibited germination. Which hormone is MOST likely responsible for these symptoms?
Under what environmental conditions might a plant produce increased levels of abscisic acid (ABA)?
Under what environmental conditions might a plant produce increased levels of abscisic acid (ABA)?
What is the role of abscisic acid in stomatal closure?
What is the role of abscisic acid in stomatal closure?
Which of the following is the primary function of ethylene in plants?
Which of the following is the primary function of ethylene in plants?
What specific effect does ethylene have on fruit cell walls during ripening?
What specific effect does ethylene have on fruit cell walls during ripening?
What does the term 'parthenocarpy' refer to in plant biology?
What does the term 'parthenocarpy' refer to in plant biology?
Which of the following is a direct benefit of parthenocarpy in agriculture?
Which of the following is a direct benefit of parthenocarpy in agriculture?
How does parthenocarpy contribute to reducing the need for pesticides in fruit crops?
How does parthenocarpy contribute to reducing the need for pesticides in fruit crops?
How does the use of parthenocarpy contribute to organic crop production?
How does the use of parthenocarpy contribute to organic crop production?
Plants face multiple biotic and abiotic stresses in natural environments. What is their primary strategy for dealing with these challenges?
Plants face multiple biotic and abiotic stresses in natural environments. What is their primary strategy for dealing with these challenges?
Given its effects on seed dormancy, which of the following scenarios would be MOST likely to involve the action of abscisic acid?
Given its effects on seed dormancy, which of the following scenarios would be MOST likely to involve the action of abscisic acid?
Which of the following hormones primarily contributes to a plant's ability to withstand drought conditions by reducing water loss?
Which of the following hormones primarily contributes to a plant's ability to withstand drought conditions by reducing water loss?
Which of the following best describes the role of plant hormones in defense against pathogenic organisms?
Which of the following best describes the role of plant hormones in defense against pathogenic organisms?
A farmer notices that his tomato plants are producing fruits that are ripening too quickly and becoming soft before they can be harvested. Which hormone is most likely present in excessive amounts?
A farmer notices that his tomato plants are producing fruits that are ripening too quickly and becoming soft before they can be harvested. Which hormone is most likely present in excessive amounts?
A plant physiologist is investigating a mutant plant species that does not exhibit phototropism. Which of the following hormones is most likely affected in this mutant?
A plant physiologist is investigating a mutant plant species that does not exhibit phototropism. Which of the following hormones is most likely affected in this mutant?
How does parthenocarpy impact the genetic diversity of cultivated plants over successive generations?
How does parthenocarpy impact the genetic diversity of cultivated plants over successive generations?
What is cytokinesis in the context of plant biology?
What is cytokinesis in the context of plant biology?
Flashcards
Plant Nutrition
Plant Nutrition
The supply and absorption of chemical compounds for plant growth and metabolism.
Plant Nutrients
Plant Nutrients
Nutrients essential for plant growth and development.
Boron
Boron
A micronutrient essential for cell wall synthesis and root development in plants.
Calcium
Calcium
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chlorine
Chlorine
Signup and view all the flashcards
Magnesium
Magnesium
Signup and view all the flashcards
Nitrogen
Nitrogen
Signup and view all the flashcards
Phosphorus
Phosphorus
Signup and view all the flashcards
Zinc
Zinc
Signup and view all the flashcards
Plant Hormones
Plant Hormones
Signup and view all the flashcards
Auxin
Auxin
Signup and view all the flashcards
Phototropism
Phototropism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Gibberellins
Gibberellins
Signup and view all the flashcards
Cytokinin
Cytokinin
Signup and view all the flashcards
Abscisic Acid
Abscisic Acid
Signup and view all the flashcards
Dormancy
Dormancy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ethylene
Ethylene
Signup and view all the flashcards
Parthenocarpy
Parthenocarpy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Plant Nutrition
- Refers to the chemical compound supply and absorption, used to grow and metabolize.
- The growth chemical compounds are known as plant nutrients or essential elements.
Nutrients
- Boron: cell wall synthesis and root development
- Calcium: cell wall structural component
- Chlorine: stomatal opening regulation
- Magnesium: chlorophyll synthesis
- Nitrogen: aids plant growth of roots, stem, leaf, flower, and fruits.
- Phosphorus: phospholipid structural component
- Zinc: stem elongation, protein and starch synthesis
Plant Hormones
- Plant hormones play an important role in plant defense against pathogenic microorganisms
- They regulate plant development and signal networks.
Auxin
- Promotes stem elongation and maintains apical dominance
- Produced in the stem, buds, and root tips
- Causes the plant stem tip to curve toward the light, known as phototropism.
Gibberellins
- Promotes stem elongation found mostly in the nodes, fruit enlargement, flowering, sex expression, germination, leaf and fruit senescence (biological aging), and parthenocarpy.
Cytokinin
- Triggers cell division (cytokinesis).
- Produced in growing areas like meristems at the tip of the shoot, which result in branching.
- Aids in chloroplast formation
Abscisic Acid
- Inhibits plant growth, causing leaf detachment, inducing seed and bud dormancy, and inhibiting germination
- Recent studies show abscisic acid is not the primary reason for leaf wilting
- Possible factors for leaf wilting are waterlogged soil (saturated with water) and damaged roots
- Also called stress hormones which trigger various plant responses against stress conditions.
- Abscisic Acid increases plant tolerance toward stresses like stomata closure
- Dormancy is a mechanism to prevent germination during unsuitable ecological conditions, when seedling survival is low.
Ethylene
- A gas released by plants which helps in fruit ripening
- Also a fruit ripening hormone
- Causes the cell wall to break, resulting in softness
- Releases stored sugar, making the fruit sweet
Parthenocarpy
- The word "Parthenocarpy" comes from Greek, meaning “virgin fruit”
- Produces seedless fruit
- Normally flowers need pollination and fertilization to create fruit, but some species developed without fertilization or pollination
- Applied to cultivated plants, introduced using gibberellins hormones
- Facilitates ovaries to mature without fertilization and produce bigger fruits
- Allows growers to keep insect pests from crops without chemicals, since no pollinating insect is required for fruit formation
- It is a significant improvement from the use of organic pesticides and improves crop yield and health
Plant Defense
- In natural environments, plants are bombarded with multiple biotic and abiotic stress
- Plants use complex regulatory mechanisms to ensure an efficient defense response against pathogens, pests, and environmental stress.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
