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Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of photosynthesis in plants?
What is the main purpose of photosynthesis in plants?
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants synthesize carbohydrates (sugars) from raw materials using energy from light. These carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for plants.
What are the raw materials used in photosynthesis?
What are the raw materials used in photosynthesis?
The raw materials used in photosynthesis are carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and water ($H_2O$).
What is the role of light in photosynthesis?
What is the role of light in photosynthesis?
Light provides the energy needed to drive the chemical reactions of photosynthesis.
Where does photosynthesis take place within a plant?
Where does photosynthesis take place within a plant?
What are the main products of photosynthesis?
What are the main products of photosynthesis?
Why is photosynthesis considered a crucial process for life on Earth?
Why is photosynthesis considered a crucial process for life on Earth?
What is the source of energy for photosynthesis?
What is the source of energy for photosynthesis?
What type of molecules are produced during photosynthesis?
What type of molecules are produced during photosynthesis?
How is carbon dioxide used in photosynthesis?
How is carbon dioxide used in photosynthesis?
What is the significance of oxygen as a product of photosynthesis?
What is the significance of oxygen as a product of photosynthesis?
What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
List two uses of carbohydrates in plants.
List two uses of carbohydrates in plants.
How do nitrate ions benefit plants?
How do nitrate ions benefit plants?
Describe how the structure of leaves aids in photosynthesis.
Describe how the structure of leaves aids in photosynthesis.
What is the process of digestion that occurs in the stomach?
What is the process of digestion that occurs in the stomach?
Explain the function of bile in digestion.
Explain the function of bile in digestion.
What mechanism allows nutrients to be absorbed in the small intestine?
What mechanism allows nutrients to be absorbed in the small intestine?
How does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?
How does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?
What is the importance of fiber in human nutrition?
What is the importance of fiber in human nutrition?
Define physical digestion and provide an example.
Define physical digestion and provide an example.
Flashcards
Photosynthesis Equation
Photosynthesis Equation
The process where Carbon dioxide and Water produce Glucose and Oxygen using light and chlorophyll.
Balanced Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis
Balanced Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂, describes the balanced transformation during photosynthesis.
Role of Chlorophyll
Role of Chlorophyll
A green pigment in chloroplasts that converts light energy into chemical energy for carbohydrate synthesis.
Carbohydrate Storage Forms
Carbohydrate Storage Forms
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Essential Mineral Ions for Plants
Essential Mineral Ions for Plants
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Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
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Testing for Starch in Plants
Testing for Starch in Plants
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Structure of Leaves for Photosynthesis
Structure of Leaves for Photosynthesis
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Digestive System Organs
Digestive System Organs
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Functions of Amylase, Protease, and Lipase
Functions of Amylase, Protease, and Lipase
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Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
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Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
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Light energy
Light energy
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Raw materials
Raw materials
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Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll
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Oxygen production
Oxygen production
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Stomata
Stomata
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Glucose
Glucose
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Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts
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Study Notes
Plant Nutrition: Photosynthesis
- Photosynthesis is the process plants use to create carbohydrates from raw materials using light energy.
- Word Equation: Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen
- Balanced Chemical Equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
- Chlorophyll, a green pigment in chloroplasts, is crucial. It transfers light energy into chemical energy for carbohydrate synthesis.
- Uses and Storage of Carbohydrates:
- Starch: Stored energy reserve.
- Glucose: Used in respiration for energy production.
- Cellulose: Forms cell walls.
- Sucrose: Transported in the phloem.
- Nectar: Attracts pollinating insects.
- Essential Minerals:
- Nitrate: Needed for amino acids, proteins, and enzymes.
- Magnesium: Essential for chlorophyll production.
Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
- Light Intensity: Increased light boosts the rate up to a point.
- Carbon Dioxide Concentration: Higher CO2 boosts the rate.
- Temperature: Optimal temperatures are best for enzyme activity.
Investigating Photosynthesis
- Starch Test: Iodine solution turns blue-black if starch is present.
- Chlorophyll Necessity: Variegated leaves show starch only in green areas.
- Light and Dark Conditions: Hydrogencarbonate indicator can detect CO2 changes.
Leaf Structure and Adaptations
- Large Surface Area: Maximizes light absorption.
- Thin Structure: Shortens diffusion pathways for gases.
- Stomata and Guard Cells: Regulate gas exchange.
- Palisade Mesophyll: Dense chloroplasts for light capture.
- Spongy Mesophyll: Allows gas diffusion.
Human Nutrition and Digestive System
- Balanced diet: Requires correct proportions of essential nutrients.
- Carbohydrates: Energy source (e.g., bread, rice).
- Proteins: Growth and repair (e.g., meat, fish).
- Fats and Oils: Energy storage and insulation.
- Vitamins: Essential for various bodily functions.
- Vitamin C: Prevents scurvy.
- Vitamin D: Prevents rickets.
- Minerals:
- Calcium: Needed for strong bones and teeth.
- Iron: Part of hemoglobin for oxygen transport.
- Fiber (Roughage): Aids digestion.
- Digestive System:
- Mouth: Mechanical and chemical digestion (amylase).
- Oesophagus: Moves food to the stomach.
- Stomach: Churns food, produces hydrochloric acid.
- Small Intestine: Main site of digestion and absorption.
- Large Intestine: Absorbs water and forms feces.
- Liver: Produces bile for fat emulsification.
- Pancreas: Secretes digestive enzymes.
- Physical and Chemical Digestion:
- Physical breaks down food size.
- Chemical involves enzymes (amylase, protease, lipase).
- Absorption of Nutrients:
- Villi and microvilli increase surface area.
- Capillaries absorb nutrients into bloodstream.
- Lacteals absorb fatty acids and glycerol into lymphatic system.
- Water absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine.
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