Plant Hormones Quiz

False (B)

To regulate growth and development of the plant.

<p>genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coleoptile (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxin = Promotes cell elongation and root growth Gibberellins = Promote stem elongation and seed germination Cytokinins = Promote cell division and delay leaf senescence Abscisic acid = Promotes dormancy and stomatal closure Ethylene = Promotes fruit ripening and leaf abscission Brassinosteroids = Promote cell elongation and vascular differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biosynthesis and catabolic degradation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytokinin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethylene</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>methionine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxin = Apical dominance, root development Cytokinin = Lateral bud growth, delay leaf senescence Gibberellin = Stem elongation, seed germination Ethylene = Fruit ripening, root hair formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promote lateral bud development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Apical dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethephon</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>salvage and recycling</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gibberella fujikuroi</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxin = Promote fruit development Cytokinin = Promote lateral bud development Gibberellin = Promote internode elongation Ethylene = Initiate leaf abscission</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibit leaf senescence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parthenocarpy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>auxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meristematic regions and actively growing organs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxin moves predominantly via polar transport. It is transported from the apical region of the plant towards the roots using proton pumps, relying on energy provided by ATP. Auxin enters cells passively or through active cotransport. It dissociates within the cytosol, and specific transport proteins at the basal end of the cell are needed to facilitate movement to the next cell. However, auxin destined for the roots moves through the phloem sieve tubes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>elongation, enlargement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxin transport = Involves proton pumps, ATP, and specific cell transport proteins Cell elongation = Facilitated by expansins, proteins that disrupt cell wall structure Tropic responses = Migration of auxin away from light, causing uneven cell elongation on the shaded side Secondary growth = Stimulates cambium cells to divide and secondary xylem differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It triggers the production of enzymes that break down cell wall components, allowing expansion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxin migrates away from the light source, leading to uneven cell elongation on the shaded side of the plant. This differential elongation causes the stem to bend towards the light, a response known as phototropism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>secondary</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abscisic acid plays a crucial role in promoting seed and bud dormancy, regulating responses to water stress, and contributing to various processes like leaf abscission, fruit ripening, and flower development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promotes seed dormancy = Maintains seed dormancy by preventing germination Promotes stomata closure = Conserves water by closing stomata during water stress Induces fruit thinning = Reduces fruit set and promotes fruit drop in some plants Inhibits terminal growth = Promotes lateral growth and compact flowering in some plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>terpenoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulates leaf growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abscisic acid levels are high in mature seeds, promoting a lowered metabolic rate and the synthesis of proteins needed for survival during dehydration. This promotes seed dormancy, preventing premature germination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By activating K+ ion transport out of guard cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>roots</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abscisic acid derivatives, called dormins, are used in commercial nurseries to keep materials in dormant conditions during shipping. These dormins can help maintain dormancy and prevent premature bud break.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promote fruit ripening (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Systemin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brassinolide</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primarily responsible for fruit ripening (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To regulate stomatal closure and prevent water loss during drought conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chemicals produced by plants that alter growth patterns.

The first plant hormone discovered, involved in growth regulation.

Regulate cell activities, promoting or inhibiting growth.

Six recognized groups: Auxin, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Abscisic acid, Ethylene, Brassinosteroids.

Hormones that increase plant growth, such as Auxins and Gibberellins.

Hormones that inhibit plant growth, such as Abscisic acid and Ethylene.

Regions in plants where cells frequently divide, containing high levels of hormones.

Plant hormones often work together and have overlapping effects.

Areas in plants where active growth and cell division occur.

The directional movement of auxin from the shoot to roots.

Indole-3-acetic acid, the natural form of auxin in plants.

Proteins that help cell walls expand by breaking hydrogen bonds.

Growth movements of plants in response to environmental stimuli.

Tissue responsible for secondary growth and producing xylem and phloem.

The process in which cambium cells develop into xylem for water transport.

The regeneration of damaged plant tissue initiated by auxin.

Movement of auxin specifically directed through phloem tissue to root areas.

The inhibition of lateral bud activation by auxins from apical buds.

Plant hormones that counteract apical dominance and encourage lateral bud development.

A hormone promoted by auxins, involved in fruit ripening and leaf abscission.

Fruit development without fertilization or viable seeds, stimulated by auxins.

A group of plant hormones that promote stem elongation and growth.

The fungus that caused the discovery of gibberellins due to its effect on rice seedlings.

The process of lengthening the sections between plant nodes, often induced by gibberellins.

The process of forming new roots, promoted by auxin application.

Auxin from developing seeds is crucial for fruit growth and development.

The process of flowers or fruits dropping from a plant influenced by hormones.

A hormone crucial for seed dormancy and responses to water stress.

A period when seeds remain inactive until conditions are suitable for germination.

A response controlled by ABA to reduce water loss during drought.

ABA derivatives used in nurseries to maintain plant dormancy during shipping.

Molecules involved in signaling pathways activated by ABA.

Movement of potassium ions out of guard cells, promoting stomatal closure.

Conditions like light or water stress that degrade ABA and break dormancy.

Plant hormones similar to animal steroids; promote plant growth.

The most biologically active brassinosteroid, derived from campesterol.

Promote shoot elongation, inhibit root development, and ethylene production.

A phenolic compound that activates defense genes against pathogens.

Short chain sugars aiding in plant defense and growth regulation.

A small peptide that stimulates defense in response to wounding.

Fatty acid derivatives that regulate growth and respond to wounding.

The first stage in moss development influenced by growth hormones.

Undifferentiated mass of plant cells that can develop into roots or shoots.

The process of moving nutrients into leaves facilitated by cytokinins.

The rate-limiting enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis.

A chemical used to induce ethylene production in plants.

Roots that form in unusual places, such as leaves or stems.

The process by which ethylene promotes flowering in some plant species.