59 Questions
What is responsible for the growth of plants?
Meristematic cells
What is the main feature of meristematic cells?
Large nucleus
What is the role of promeristems in plant growth?
Responsible for embryonic growth
What type of meristematic tissue is responsible for the growth in the next stage of a plant?
Primary meristem
What is the location of root apical meristem?
Tip of the root
What is the characteristic of intercellular space in meristematic cells?
It is absent
What is the primary function of apical meristem?
To give rise to primary tissues
Where are intercalary meristems typically found?
Between mature tissues at the nodes of the stem
What type of meristem is responsible for the growth of roots?
Root apical system
What is the function of secondary meristems?
To increase the girth of the tree stems
Where are lateral meristems typically found?
In mature regions of roots and stems
What is the characteristic of permanent tissue?
Cells are mostly non-dividing
What is the main function of Collenchyma tissue?
Provides mechanical support and elasticity
What is the composition of the cell wall of Collenchyma cells?
Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and Pectin
What is the characteristic of Sclerenchyma cells?
Cells have thick and lignified cell walls with many pits
What is the function of Sclerenchyma tissue?
Provides mechanical support to organs
What is the composition of the cell wall of Sclerenchyma cells?
Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and Lignin
What is the characteristic of Sclereids?
They have highly thickened cell walls
What is the primary function of xylem in plants?
To transport water unidirectionally
What type of cells are tracheids?
Elongated, tube-like dead cells
What is the function of phloem fibres?
To provide strength to phloem cells
During which stage of growth does secondary xylem develop?
During secondary growth
What is the function of companion cells in phloem?
To assist sieve tubes in food transport
What is the characteristic of protoxylem?
It is the first formed xylem consisting of small cells
What is the function of bulliform cells in monocot leaves?
They help in rolling and unrolling of leaves due to change in turgidity
Which type of cells are present in the hypodermis of monocot stem?
Sclerenchyma cells
What is the characteristic of mesophyll in monocot leaves?
It is not differentiated into palisade and spongy parenchyma
What is the arrangement of vascular bundles in monocot stem?
They are scattered in ground tissue
What is the location of xylem in monocot leaf vascular bundles?
Upper side
What is the characteristic of epidermis in monocot stem?
It is made up of monolayered parenchymatous cells
What is the primary function of the cuticle in the epidermis of a dicot stem?
To prevent water loss from epidermal cells
What is the characteristic of the vascular bundles in a monocot stem?
They are conjoint and closed
What is the primary function of the cuticle in epidermal cells?
To prevent the loss of water
What type of cells are present in the middle cortex of a dicot stem?
Parenchymatous cells
What is the characteristic of guard cells in stomata?
They possess chloroplasts
What is the primary characteristic of xylary elements in spring wood?
They have wider cavities
What is the function of the hypodermis in a dicot stem?
To provide mechanical strength
What is the function of stomatal apparatus in plants?
To regulate the transpiration and gaseous exchange
What is the characteristic of phloem fibres mentioned in the text?
They are commercially useful in jute, flax, and hemp
What is the main function of heartwood?
It gives mechanical support and is hard and durable
What is the characteristic of the phloem in a monocot stem?
It lacks phloem parenchyma
What is the primary difference between spring wood and autumn wood?
The type of nutrients they require
What is the characteristic of the pith in a monocot stem?
It is absent
What is the shape of guard cells in stomata?
Bean-shaped or dumb-bell shaped
What is the primary characteristic of sapwood?
It is present in the peripheral region of the secondary xylem
What is the function of subsidiary cells in stomata?
To surround the guard cells
What is the status of the cambium in autumn wood?
It is less active
What is the primary difference between primary and secondary meristems?
Primary meristems are responsible for increase in height, while secondary meristems are responsible for increase in girth
Which type of meristem is responsible for the regeneration of parts removed by grazing herbivores?
Intercalary meristem
What is the result of secondary meristematic activity?
Increase in girth of the stem
What is the characteristic of cells in permanent tissue?
They are mostly non-dividing cells
Which type of meristem is responsible for the formation of axillary buds?
Shoot apical meristem
What is the location of lateral meristems in plants?
In mature regions of roots and stems
What is the characteristic of the cells in the cork cambium?
They produce secondary tissue that replaces the epidermis in roots and stems
What is the function of the interfascicular cambium?
To add girth to the stem by forming secondary xylem and phloem
What is the characteristic of the cells in the parenchyma tissue?
They are soft tissue found in softer parts of the leaf and fruits
What is the function of the intrafascicular cambium?
To produce xylem and phloem cells
What is the characteristic of the sclerenchyma cells?
They are highly lignified and do not conduct water
What is the function of the apical meristem?
To initiate primary growth
Test your knowledge on plant growth and development, including the role of meristematic cells in forming new tissues and structures. Learn about the regions of actively dividing cells and their characteristics.
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