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Questions and Answers
What is the most severe environmental constraint to plant productivity?
What is the most severe environmental constraint to plant productivity?
- Soil erosion
- Pest infestation
- High temperature
- Scarcity of water (correct)
Which factor probably causes the highest loss in crop yield?
Which factor probably causes the highest loss in crop yield?
- Pest infestation
- Drought stress (correct)
- High temperature
- Nutrient deficiency
What does drought stress reduce in plants?
What does drought stress reduce in plants?
- Nutrient uptake and assimilation
- Leaf size, stem extension, and root proliferation (correct)
- Respiration rate and transpiration
- Photosynthetic efficiency only
Which strategy has been proposed to cope with drought stress?
Which strategy has been proposed to cope with drought stress?
What is disturbed by drought stress in plants?
What is disturbed by drought stress in plants?
What does drought stress reduce in terms of plant physiology?
What does drought stress reduce in terms of plant physiology?
What is the main reason for the reduction in CO2 assimilation by leaves under drought stress?
What is the main reason for the reduction in CO2 assimilation by leaves under drought stress?
Which mechanism helps in curtailed water loss under drought stress?
Which mechanism helps in curtailed water loss under drought stress?
Which nutrient aids in osmotic adjustment to withstand drought stress?
Which nutrient aids in osmotic adjustment to withstand drought stress?
What type of metabolite flux increases the oxidative load on tissues under drought stress?
What type of metabolite flux increases the oxidative load on tissues under drought stress?
Which plant growth substance modulates the plant responses towards drought?
Which plant growth substance modulates the plant responses towards drought?
Which strategy can be used for managing plant drought tolerance?
Which strategy can be used for managing plant drought tolerance?
What is among the major deterrents to growth under drought stress?
What is among the major deterrents to growth under drought stress?
What helps reduce the transpirational loss in plants under drought stress?
What helps reduce the transpirational loss in plants under drought stress?
What acts as antioxidants and reduces the adverse effects of water deficit?
What acts as antioxidants and reduces the adverse effects of water deficit?
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Study Notes
Drought Stress and Plant Productivity
- Drought is the most severe environmental constraint impacting plant productivity.
- This condition likely causes the highest loss in crop yield compared to other environmental factors.
Effects of Drought on Plant Physiology
- Drought stress reduces photosynthesis and transpiration rates in plants.
- It disrupts nutrient uptake and physiological stability, leading to overall reduced growth.
- CO2 assimilation in leaves decreases due to a reduction in stomatal conductance influenced by water scarcity.
Strategies for Coping with Drought Stress
- Osmotic adjustment is facilitated by the uptake of specific nutrients, enabling plants to withstand drought conditions.
- Accumulation of compatible solutes helps maintain cellular integrity and function during water deficits.
- Plant growth regulators, such as abscisic acid, modulate responses to drought, enhancing tolerance levels.
Mechanisms to Mitigate Water Loss
- Stomatal closure is a primary mechanism that helps curtail water loss under drought stress.
- Strategies like mulching, soil amendments, and drought-resistant crop varieties can improve management of plant drought tolerance.
Oxidative Stress and Management
- Drought increases the flux of reactive oxygen species, raising oxidative load on plant tissues.
- Antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid and glutathione, help mitigate adverse effects caused by water deficits and oxidative stress.
Additional Considerations
- Substantial deterrents to growth under drought stress include soil moisture depletion and nutrient imbalance.
- To reduce transpirational loss, plants employ mechanisms like leaf rolling and the development of thicker cuticles.
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