Plant Defense and Biodiversity Study Questions
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Questions and Answers

What is the distinction between basal resistance and specific resistance in plants?

  • Basal resistance is mediated by siRNAs, while specific resistance relies on hypersensitive responses.
  • Basal resistance is non-specific and provides general protection, while specific resistance targets particular pathogens. (correct)
  • Basal resistance involves physical barriers, while specific resistance involves chemical defenses.
  • Basal resistance is only effective against avirulent infections, while specific resistance is essential for combating virulent infections.

    • How do plants evolve to resist herbivory?

  • By adapting physical structures like thorns and spines to deter herbivores. (correct)
  • By increasing siRNA production in response to herbivores.
  • By enhancing basal resistance mechanisms against herbivorous pathogens.
  • By promoting hypersensitive immune responses upon herbivore attack.

    • What is the primary function of siRNAs in plant defense?

  • To enhance hypersensitive immune responses.
  • To target and regulate gene expression of invading pathogens. (correct)
  • To induce basal resistance mechanisms.
  • To directly kill necrotrophic pathogens.

    • Why do plants modulate some of their defenses?

    <p>To avoid exhausting limited resources needed for defense mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the major evolutionary adaptations of angiosperms that set them apart from other plant groups?

    <p>Angiosperms produce seeds enclosed in fruit, a unique feature not found in other plant groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between basal resistance and specific resistance in plants?

    <p>Basal resistance is constitutive, while specific resistance is induced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hypersensitive immune response to infection by a plant?

    <p>A localized cell death response triggered to prevent the spread of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How have plants evolved to resist herbivory?

    <p>By increasing the production of toxins in response to herbivore attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Against what type of pathogen are siRNAs effective, and how do they work?

    <p>Effective against viruses by degrading their RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the major differences between biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens?

    <p>Biotrophic pathogens require living plant cells to complete their life cycle, while necrotrophic pathogens kill cells to feed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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