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Plant Defence Mechanisms Quiz

Plant Defence Mechanisms Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a physical or chemical signal that plants use to recognize pathogens?

Water
Carbon dioxide
Fragments from the cell walls of bacteria and fungi (correct)
Sunlight

What happens when a pathogen is recognized by proteins on the surface of plant cells?

The plant cell membrane becomes more permeable (correct)
The plant cell membrane disappears
The plant cell membrane stays the same
The plant cell membrane becomes less permeable

What is the purpose of cell wall apposition?

To repair wounds in the bark
To reinforce the cell wall with aggregates of material in the cytoplasm near a defect in the wall (correct)
To release hydrogen peroxide and kill microbes directly
To isolate the pathogen with a cluster of dead plant cells

What is the purpose of programmed cell death (apoptosis)?

<p>To isolate the pathogen with a cluster of dead plant cells (B)</p>

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What is the purpose of delayed active responses?

<p>To limit the spread of the pathogen (C)</p>

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What is one important strategy of delayed active responses?

<p>Repair of wounds in the bark (A)</p>

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What is systemic acquired resistance?

<p>A signalling agent of subsequent infections (D)</p>

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Question 1

<p>What is the first line of defence for plants against pathogens?</p>

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Answer 1

<p>Passive barriers</p>

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Question 2

<p>What are the three major groups of responses involved in the second line of defence for plants against pathogens?</p>

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Answer 2

<p>Recognition of the pathogen, rapid response, and delayed response</p>

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Question 3

<p>How do plants recognize pathogens?</p>

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Answer 3

<p>By detecting certain physical and chemical signals, including fragments from the cell walls of bacteria and fungi</p>

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Question 4

<p>What changes in the permeability of plant cell membranes when a pathogen is recognized by proteins on the surface of cells?</p>

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Answer 4

<p>It allows the movement of certain ions, particularly calcium ions, into the cell and triggers defence responses by activating the expression of certain genes</p>

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Question 5

<p>What is the purpose of releasing hydrogen peroxide during a plant immune response?</p>

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Answer 5

<p>To kill microbes directly</p>

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Question 6

<p>What is the purpose of cell wall apposition?</p>

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Answer 6

<p>To reinforce the cell wall with aggregates of material in the cytoplasm near a defect in the wall</p>

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Question 7

<p>What is the purpose of systemic acquired resistance?</p>

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Answer 7

<p>To limit the severity of subsequent infections with a particular pathogen</p>

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Question 8

<p>What is the role of salicylic acid in delayed active responses?</p>

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Answer 8

<p>It may act as a signalling agent of subsequent infections and play a role in the plant’s ‘memory’ of a particular pathogen</p>

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