Plant Defence Mechanisms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a physical or chemical signal that plants use to recognize pathogens?

  • Water
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Fragments from the cell walls of bacteria and fungi (correct)
  • Sunlight

What happens when a pathogen is recognized by proteins on the surface of plant cells?

  • The plant cell membrane becomes more permeable (correct)
  • The plant cell membrane disappears
  • The plant cell membrane stays the same
  • The plant cell membrane becomes less permeable

What is the purpose of cell wall apposition?

  • To repair wounds in the bark
  • To reinforce the cell wall with aggregates of material in the cytoplasm near a defect in the wall (correct)
  • To release hydrogen peroxide and kill microbes directly
  • To isolate the pathogen with a cluster of dead plant cells

What is the purpose of programmed cell death (apoptosis)?

<p>To isolate the pathogen with a cluster of dead plant cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of delayed active responses?

<p>To limit the spread of the pathogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one important strategy of delayed active responses?

<p>Repair of wounds in the bark (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is systemic acquired resistance?

<p>A signalling agent of subsequent infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 1

<p>What is the first line of defence for plants against pathogens?</p> Signup and view all the answers

Answer 1

<p>Passive barriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 2

<p>What are the three major groups of responses involved in the second line of defence for plants against pathogens?</p> Signup and view all the answers

Answer 2

<p>Recognition of the pathogen, rapid response, and delayed response</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 3

<p>How do plants recognize pathogens?</p> Signup and view all the answers

Answer 3

<p>By detecting certain physical and chemical signals, including fragments from the cell walls of bacteria and fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 4

<p>What changes in the permeability of plant cell membranes when a pathogen is recognized by proteins on the surface of cells?</p> Signup and view all the answers

Answer 4

<p>It allows the movement of certain ions, particularly calcium ions, into the cell and triggers defence responses by activating the expression of certain genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 5

<p>What is the purpose of releasing hydrogen peroxide during a plant immune response?</p> Signup and view all the answers

Answer 5

<p>To kill microbes directly</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 6

<p>What is the purpose of cell wall apposition?</p> Signup and view all the answers

Answer 6

<p>To reinforce the cell wall with aggregates of material in the cytoplasm near a defect in the wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 7

<p>What is the purpose of systemic acquired resistance?</p> Signup and view all the answers

Answer 7

<p>To limit the severity of subsequent infections with a particular pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Question 8

<p>What is the role of salicylic acid in delayed active responses?</p> Signup and view all the answers

Answer 8

<p>It may act as a signalling agent of subsequent infections and play a role in the plant’s ‘memory’ of a particular pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

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