Plant Cultivars and Hybridization Quiz

<p>Pure-line cultivars are genetically homogeneous, while open-pollinated cultivars are genetically heterogeneous. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Landraces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Distinct, Uniform, Stable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pure-line cultivars (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are developed through a series of inbreeding. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plants with a narrow range of genetic differences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To increase genetic diversity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They offer increased yield and other desirable traits. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Double-cross hybrid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clonal cultivars are genetically homogeneous and highly heterozygous, while hybrid cultivars are genetically homogeneous and highly homozygous. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They require special techniques for pollination. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates cultivars that have been genetically modified with foreign genes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breeder seed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clonal cultivars are propagated by seeds, while apomictic cultivars are propagated by vegetative means. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Double-cross hybrid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It eliminates the need for pollination, reducing the risk of genetic contamination. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>99% pure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Certified Seeds (CS) (A), Registered Seeds (RS) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of beneficial fungi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metalaxyl (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To improve seed vigor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>80% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using a seed hormone (A), Exposure to UV light (B), Using a seed scarifier (D), Soaking seeds in hot water (I), Using a seed primer (K)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Certified Seeds (CS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Treatment with Metalaxyl (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A swollen stem base with buds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce new plants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mature portion of the stem (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grafting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>25-30 cm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bulbs have fleshy leaves that enclose a shortened stem, while corms have scale-like remains of leaves. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure that the new potatoes have the same characteristics as the parent plant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strawberry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce new plants in large quantities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reproduction involving fusion of male and female gametes from one or two parents.

Groups of plants with distinct traits, uniformity, and stability.

A trait ensuring a cultivar is proven new and different from others.

Consistency in traits among plants in a cultivar, often phenotypic.

The ability of a cultivar to remain true to its description during reproduction.

Cultivars from self-pollinated species, homogeneous and homozygous in genetics.

Cultivars created from cross-pollinated species, genetically heterogeneous and heterozygous.

Open-pollinated varieties developed through local farming practices, adapted to local conditions.

Varieties created by mixing genotypes from multiple sources for diverse traits.

Varieties formed by crossing genotypes developed by inbreeding, maintained by open pollination.

Plants produced by crossing inbred lines to achieve high yields through hybrid vigor.

The phenomenon where offspring show superior traits compared to both parents.

A hybrid formed by crossing two inbred lines.

A hybrid produced from crossing a single-cross with a third inbred line.

A hybrid made by crossing two single-cross hybrids.

Plants propagated through non-seed parts to maintain genetic uniformity.

Plants that produce seeds without fertilization, resulting in genetically identical seeds.

Plants genetically modified by the insertion of artificial genes.

Seeds originating from recognized breeding institutions for further cultivation.

A hybrid created by crossing an inbred line with an open-pollinated variety.

Seeds that are 100% pure, with no other seeds except inert matter.

Derived from BS, certified 99% pure, can have 1-2 seeds from other varieties per 500g.

Seed multiplication done by certified farmers, certified 98% pure, allowed a few seeds from weeds and other varieties.

Seeds that are 98% pure, free from excess weed, certified for commercial production.

Good seed must be pure, uniform, viable, and free from diseases or pests.

Applying fungicides to prevent diseases in seeds, specific treatments for different crops.

Process of applying beneficial microorganisms to seeds to improve growth and health.

A type of inoculant that promotes nitrogen fixation in plants.

A fungicide specifically for corn seeds to protect against downy mildew.

National Seed Quality Control Services, certifies the purity levels of seeds.

Strategies used by plants to propagate themselves without human intervention.

A modified shoot with a shortened stem and fleshy leaves, e.g. onion.

A swollen stem base with buds, e.g. taro, for storage and reproduction.

An underground stem with buds, allowing it to spread, e.g. ginger.

A swollen stem growing beneath soil, bearing buds, e.g. potato.

A horizontal stem that roots at nodes, allowing new plants to grow, e.g. strawberry.

An artificial asexual method where tissues of two plants are joined together.

An asexual propagation method where a piece of a plant is placed in soil to grow roots.

A technique to produce many plants from a small tissue sample.