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__________ is a precise system that deals with terms indicating the ranks of taxonomic groups as well as the application of names to such groups.
__________ is a precise system that deals with terms indicating the ranks of taxonomic groups as well as the application of names to such groups.
Nomenclature
What is conveniently referred to as the 'CODE' in plant nomenclature?
What is conveniently referred to as the 'CODE' in plant nomenclature?
- The rules adopted by an international congress. (correct)
- The collective rules of plant identification.
- A type specimen for taxonomic classification.
- The principles of plant genetics.
A _________ is a specimen, fragment, or photograph to which the name of a taxon is permanently attached.
A _________ is a specimen, fragment, or photograph to which the name of a taxon is permanently attached.
TYPE
In the scientific name Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., 'L.' should be italicized.
In the scientific name Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., 'L.' should be italicized.
What is a basionym in the context of nomenclature?
What is a basionym in the context of nomenclature?
In the name Rosa gallica X R. transmorisonensis, what does 'X' signify?
In the name Rosa gallica X R. transmorisonensis, what does 'X' signify?
What does the epithet 'pachyphylla' imply about a plant?
What does the epithet 'pachyphylla' imply about a plant?
What is the neuter form of the Latin term for 'red'?
What is the neuter form of the Latin term for 'red'?
Match the Latin terms for 'white' with their corresponding forms:
Match the Latin terms for 'white' with their corresponding forms:
What does 'nudicaule' mean in botanical terms?
What does 'nudicaule' mean in botanical terms?
What does 'stenophylla' mean in botany?
What does 'stenophylla' mean in botany?
What does 'auripetala' refer to in botany?
What does 'auripetala' refer to in botany?
What does ‘floribundus’ mean when describing a plant?
What does ‘floribundus’ mean when describing a plant?
What does 'nigriscens' imply about a botanical specimen?
What does 'nigriscens' imply about a botanical specimen?
What does the term 'crassifolia' mean in plant nomenclature?
What does the term 'crassifolia' mean in plant nomenclature?
The term 'debilis' translates to 'strong' and is unrelated to the word 'debilitating'.
The term 'debilis' translates to 'strong' and is unrelated to the word 'debilitating'.
What is the meaning of ‘ramosus’?
What is the meaning of ‘ramosus’?
What does the term 'inodorus' signify in botany?
What does the term 'inodorus' signify in botany?
If ‘albicapitata’ is derived from Latin, what would be its Greek equivalent?
If ‘albicapitata’ is derived from Latin, what would be its Greek equivalent?
If ‘cola’ means dweller, ‘monticola’ refers to a species growing on the coast.
If ‘cola’ means dweller, ‘monticola’ refers to a species growing on the coast.
Given the following names: Sloanae L. (1753), Echinocarpus Blume (1825), and Phoencosperma Miq. (1865), which should be used if they are combined under one genus, and why?
Given the following names: Sloanae L. (1753), Echinocarpus Blume (1825), and Phoencosperma Miq. (1865), which should be used if they are combined under one genus, and why?
If you transfer Hindicus alamus Nga to the genus Siguro, what is the correct format for the valid name?
If you transfer Hindicus alamus Nga to the genus Siguro, what is the correct format for the valid name?
In the name Hibiscus parviformis Kul. et al., what does 'al.' signify?
In the name Hibiscus parviformis Kul. et al., what does 'al.' signify?
Which of the following is an example of a monomial in scientific nomenclature?
Which of the following is an example of a monomial in scientific nomenclature?
The name Drypetes maquilingensis (Merr.) Pax & Hoffm. var. maquilingensis is invalid because it contains a tautonym.
The name Drypetes maquilingensis (Merr.) Pax & Hoffm. var. maquilingensis is invalid because it contains a tautonym.
If Euodia is now under Melicope, then Euodia pulgarensis logically becomes __________.
If Euodia is now under Melicope, then Euodia pulgarensis logically becomes __________.
Given Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Merr & Rolfe PJS 3 (1908) and Dracontomelon edule (Blanco) Skeels (1912), which species name should be considered valid?
Given Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Merr & Rolfe PJS 3 (1908) and Dracontomelon edule (Blanco) Skeels (1912), which species name should be considered valid?
Two species share the same name Psychotria longissima, one in Luzon and another in Columbia, what are these names referred to?
Two species share the same name Psychotria longissima, one in Luzon and another in Columbia, what are these names referred to?
Cainito Adan. (1793) and Chrysophyllum L. (1753) apply to the same type. Which name is correct under the rules of nomenclature?
Cainito Adan. (1793) and Chrysophyllum L. (1753) apply to the same type. Which name is correct under the rules of nomenclature?
In the scientific name Hibiscus paviformis Kul. et Mo., what does 'et' stand for?
In the scientific name Hibiscus paviformis Kul. et Mo., what does 'et' stand for?
If Prunus malus is transferred to the genus Malus, the resulting name Malus malus is valid based on nomenclature rules.
If Prunus malus is transferred to the genus Malus, the resulting name Malus malus is valid based on nomenclature rules.
The genus Macaranga has four sections: Macanganga, Cumacaranga, Rangaga and _________.
The genus Macaranga has four sections: Macanganga, Cumacaranga, Rangaga and _________.
What is the correct original varietal epithet for the taxon Alvina josei Jess?
What is the correct original varietal epithet for the taxon Alvina josei Jess?
In a trinomial name a. _________, the genus was named correctly by Malabrigo in honor of her mother Dolores - what is the name?
In a trinomial name a. _________, the genus was named correctly by Malabrigo in honor of her mother Dolores - what is the name?
In a trinomial name b. _________, the specific epithet indicates that the flowers exhibit a head inflorescence
In a trinomial name b. _________, the specific epithet indicates that the flowers exhibit a head inflorescence
In a trinomial name c. _________, the epithet describes a form of this plant described appropriately as 'foul smelling '
In a trinomial name c. _________, the epithet describes a form of this plant described appropriately as 'foul smelling '
In a trinomial name d. _________, You are the one who validly named the variety and I your Professor validly published the species. What is the legitimate name of the variety?
In a trinomial name d. _________, You are the one who validly named the variety and I your Professor validly published the species. What is the legitimate name of the variety?
In a trinomial name e. _________, what is the name of the variety which contains the type species?
In a trinomial name e. _________, what is the name of the variety which contains the type species?
What is the meaning of the symbol ! in botanical nomenclature?
What is the meaning of the symbol ! in botanical nomenclature?
When two genera are fused, any decision taken by Vonne will be invalid since he was the first to unite the two.
When two genera are fused, any decision taken by Vonne will be invalid since he was the first to unite the two.
Which is the valid name ASTERACEAE or COMPOSITAE?
Which is the valid name ASTERACEAE or COMPOSITAE?
As a species of Tripogon recombined by Eckman in 1912
As a species of Tripogon recombined by Eckman in 1912
As a species of Diplachne
As a species of Diplachne
As a species of Bromus.
As a species of Bromus.
As a species of Agropyron. The combination Agropyron spicatum was published for another species by Scribner and Smith in 1900.
As a species of Agropyron. The combination Agropyron spicatum was published for another species by Scribner and Smith in 1900.
As a variety of Tridens pulchellus (H.B.K.) Hitche. (note: Tridens is masculine)
As a variety of Tridens pulchellus (H.B.K.) Hitche. (note: Tridens is masculine)
Flashcards
What is Nomenclature?
What is Nomenclature?
A precise system dealing with terms indicating ranks of taxonomic groups and application of names to such groups.
What is the CODE in plant nomenclature?
What is the CODE in plant nomenclature?
The rules developed and adopted by an international congress for plant nomenclature.
What is a TYPE in taxonomy?
What is a TYPE in taxonomy?
A specimen/fragment/photograph to which the name of the taxon is permanently attached.
What is wrong in 'Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.'?
What is wrong in 'Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.'?
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What is a Basionym?
What is a Basionym?
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What does 'X' mean in plant names?
What does 'X' mean in plant names?
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What does the epithet 'pachyphylla' mean?
What does the epithet 'pachyphylla' mean?
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What is 'rubrum'?
What is 'rubrum'?
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The adjective for white has three forms. What is the masculine form?
The adjective for white has three forms. What is the masculine form?
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What is 'nudicaule'?
What is 'nudicaule'?
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What is 'stenophylla'?
What is 'stenophylla'?
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What is 'auripetala'?
What is 'auripetala'?
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What is 'floribundus'?
What is 'floribundus'?
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What is 'nigriscens'?
What is 'nigriscens'?
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What does crassifolia mean?
What does crassifolia mean?
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What does debilis mean?
What does debilis mean?
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What does ramosus mean?
What does ramosus mean?
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What does inodorus mean?
What does inodorus mean?
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What is the Greek equivalent of albicapitata?
What is the Greek equivalent of albicapitata?
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If cola means “dweller”, what does monticola indicate?
If cola means “dweller”, what does monticola indicate?
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Which should be the resulting name, Sloanae, Echinocarpus, or Phoencosperma?
Which should be the resulting name, Sloanae, Echinocarpus, or Phoencosperma?
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If you transfer Hindicus alamus Nga to the genus Siguro, what will be the valid name?
If you transfer Hindicus alamus Nga to the genus Siguro, what will be the valid name?
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In the name Hibiscus parviformis Kul. et al., what does al. means?
In the name Hibiscus parviformis Kul. et al., what does al. means?
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Give an example of a scientific name that is a monomial.
Give an example of a scientific name that is a monomial.
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Is Drypetes maquilingensis (Merr.) Pax & Hoffm. var. maquilingensis valid?
Is Drypetes maquilingensis (Merr.) Pax & Hoffm. var. maquilingensis valid?
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Euodia pulgarensis Elmer LBP 2 (1908) Bot. will logically be?
Euodia pulgarensis Elmer LBP 2 (1908) Bot. will logically be?
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Which species name is valid: Dracontomelon dao or Dracontomelon edule?
Which species name is valid: Dracontomelon dao or Dracontomelon edule?
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Which country in the example below has the taxonomic problem?
Which country in the example below has the taxonomic problem?
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Which plant name is correct, Cainito or Chrysophyllum?
Which plant name is correct, Cainito or Chrysophyllum?
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What does "et" mean in Hibiscus paviformis Kul. et Mo.?
What does "et" mean in Hibiscus paviformis Kul. et Mo.?
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What happens if Prunus malus is transferred to the genus Malus?
What happens if Prunus malus is transferred to the genus Malus?
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The genus Macaranga has four sections, what is the name of the section that takes the same name?
The genus Macaranga has four sections, what is the name of the section that takes the same name?
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What is the correct varietal epithet containing the type species for the taxon Alvina josei Jess. ?
What is the correct varietal epithet containing the type species for the taxon Alvina josei Jess. ?
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A hypothetical example of a trinomial had the following information. The genus was named correctly by Malabrigo in honor of her mother Dolores - what is the name?
A hypothetical example of a trinomial had the following information. The genus was named correctly by Malabrigo in honor of her mother Dolores - what is the name?
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Hypothetical example of a trinomial had the following information: the specific epithet indicates that the flowers exhibit a head inflorescence.
Hypothetical example of a trinomial had the following information: the specific epithet indicates that the flowers exhibit a head inflorescence.
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Hypothetical example of a trinomial had the following information: the epithet describes a form of this plant described appropriately as 'foul smelling'.
Hypothetical example of a trinomial had the following information: the epithet describes a form of this plant described appropriately as 'foul smelling'.
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Hypothetical name
Hypothetical name
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what is the name of the variety which contains the type species?
what is the name of the variety which contains the type species?
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What does the symbol ! in botanical nomenclature indicate?
What does the symbol ! in botanical nomenclature indicate?
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Vonne made a decision, explain
Vonne made a decision, explain
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Which is the valid name ASTERACEAE or COMPOSITAE?
Which is the valid name ASTERACEAE or COMPOSITAE?
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Study Notes
Nomenclature
- A precise system that deals with terms indicating the ranks of taxonomic groups and the application of names to those groups.
Code
- Rules developed and adopted by an international congress for plant nomenclature.
Type
- A specimen/fragment/photograph to which the taxon's name is permanently attached.
Scientific Naming Convention
- In Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., the "L." should not be italicized.
Basionym
- A synonym whose epithet is the basis of the new name.
Hybrid Indication
- In the name Rosa gallica X R. transmorisonensis, "X" means hybrid.
Epithet Meaning
- For an elephant (pachyderm), the epithet pachyphylla means "thick-leafed."
Latin Terminology
- The neuter form of the Latin term for red is rubrum.
- For the specific epithet meaning "WHITE":
- Feminine form: alba
- Neuter form: album
- Masculine form: albus
Descriptive Terms
- "Naked Stem" is nudicaule.
- "Narrow-leafed" is stenophylla.
- "Golden-petalled" is auripetala.
- "Full of flowers" is floribundus.
- "Becoming black" is nigriscens.
Definitions
- Crassifolia means "Thick-leafed", equivalent to the Greek pachyphylla and members of the family Crassulaceae, have large, thick succulent leaves with the Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) photosynthetic pathway.
- Debilis means "weak" and is the root word for debilitating.
- Ramosus means with many (-osus) branches (ram-).
- Inodorus means "without an odor."
- Albicapitata, a Latin-derived epithet, is equivalent to leucocephala in Greek.
- Monticola means “mountain dweller”, if cola means "dweller."
Nomenclature Principles & Examples
- Following the principle of priority, Sloanae L. (1753) should be the genus's name if Echinocarpus Blume (1825) and Phoencosperma Miq. (1865) are combined under one genus.
- If Hindicus alamus Nga is transferred to the genus Siguro, the valid name will be Siguro alamo (Nga), followed by the abbreviated family name.
- In the name Hibiscus parviformis Kul. et al, al. means alii for persons or alia for non-persons or others in English.
- Examples of a monomial scientific name: Magnoliaceae, Magnoliales, Angiospermae, etc.
- Drypetes maquilingensis (Merr.) Pax & Hoffm. var. maquilingensis is valid due to autonymy, an automatically erected name.
- Euodia pulgarensis Elmer LBP 2 (1908) Bot 479 becomes Melicope pulgarense when Euodia is sunk under Melicope.
- Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Merr, is a valid specie's name.
Taxonomic Issues
- In two names, a country has a taxonomic problem, in that case that country is Columbia
- Two name refers to Homonyms
Naming Hypothetical Plants
- If Malabrigo names a genus in honor of her mother Dolores, it could be named Doloresia or any appropriate Latinization of the name.
- A specific epithet indicating a head inflorescence would be: Doloresia capitata
- Given epithet describing foul smelling the following nomenclature is used: Doloresia capitata, var. foetida
- If you validly name a variety and your professor validly publishes the species, the legitimate name of the variety is Doloresia capitata Umali var. foetida (your name).
- The name of the contained type species follows the nomencalture of: Doloresia capitata Mal. var. capitata
Botanical Nomenclature Symbol
- In botanical nomenclature, the symbol "!" indicates:
- Vidi, “I saw it."
- A monographer or someone revising the taxa saw the type specimen
Fusing Genera - Vonne Case Study
- Vonne in 1999 first recognized that the two genera Nandidyanka 1970 and Nandonsiya 1970 should be fused.
- Any decision taken by Vonne will be valid since he was the first to unite the two.
Valid Names
- Both ASTERACEAE and COMPOSITAE are valid.
- The justification would the the name is a Nomen alternativum / Nomen conservadum
Name Combinations and Citations (Set 1):
-
Original list:
- Bromus spicatus Nees, 1829
- Diplachne spicata Doell, 1878
- Triodia schaffneri S. Wats., 1883
- Diplachne reverchonii Vasey, 1886
- Leptoochloa spicata Scribn., 1891
- Sieglingia schaffneri Kuntz., 1891
-
As a species of Tripogon recombined by Eckman in 1912: Tripogon spicatum (Nees) Eckman
-
As a species of Diplachne: Diplachne spicata (Nees) Doell
-
As a species of Bromus: Bromus spicatus Nees
-
As a species of Agropyron: Agropyron schaffneri (S. Wats) your name
-
As a variety of Tridens pulchellus (H.B.K.) Hitche: Tridens pulchellus (H.B.K.) Hitche var. spicatus (Nees) your name
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