Plant physiology SAQ Quiz

Root hairs increase the surface area for nutrient absorption from the soil.

Active transport moves substances from an area of low concentration to high concentration using energy.

Mycorrhizae enhance nutrient absorption for plants while receiving sugars in return.

<p>Xylem tissue is entirely dead, while phloem tissue is composed of living cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lignin reinforces xylem cell walls, making them strong, water-resistant, and durable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rhizobium converts atmospheric nitrogen into soluble nitrates usable by plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Xylem vessels have no end walls, facilitating uninterrupted water transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phloem transports sugars produced by photosynthesis from leaves to other plant parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Guard cells regulate the opening and closing of the stomata, which control gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transpiration creates tension that helps pull water up through the xylem from the roots to the leaves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humidity, temperature, and the opening of stomata influence the rate of transpiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the sun, crucial for photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol, and the Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stomata facilitate gas exchange by allowing gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse in and out.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cuticle prevents water loss from the leaf's surface, helping retain moisture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glycolysis breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid, which are utilized in the Krebs cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Companion cells regulate the activities and functioning of sieve tubes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Leaves have a flat structure that maximizes light absorption for efficient photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl coenzyme A, which enters the Krebs cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osmotic pressure helps pull water molecules through xylem cells, facilitating upward movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lignin reinforces xylem cell walls, providing strength and water resistance essential for upward water transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cohesion-tension model illustrates that water molecules stick together, creating tension that facilitates upward water movement through xylem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Root hairs greatly increase the surface area available for absorbing water and nutrients from the soil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient using energy, while passive transport relies on gradient movement without energy input.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mycorrhizae enhance nutrient absorption from the soil for plants while obtaining carbohydrates in return.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sieve tubes are responsible for transporting sugars produced via photosynthesis throughout the plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Root pressure is generated by osmosis as water moves from soil into root hairs, creating internal pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Xylem vessels are composed of dead cells and lack end walls, which allows for uninterrupted water flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Guard cells control the opening and closing of stomata to regulate gas exchange and water loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transpiration involves the loss of water vapor from plant leaves, which cools the plant and creates a negative pressure that facilitates water uptake.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher temperatures increase the rate of transpiration by promoting evaporation of water from leaf surfaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary function of xylem is to transport water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stomata consist of two guard cells that regulate their opening and closing, allowing controlled gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cuticle is a waxy layer that minimizes water loss by reducing evaporation from the leaf surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chlorophyll captures light energy, which is essential for converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osmotic pressure pulls water into the xylem, which facilitates upward movement through the plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Companion cells provide metabolic support to sieve tubes, ensuring proper functioning and transport of sugars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl coenzyme A, which is then further processed in the Krebs cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Leaves have a broad, flat structure that maximizes surface area for light absorption and gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transpiration creates a negative pressure that aids in the upward movement of water through the xylem.</p> Signup and view all the answers