Planes and Regions of the Body

Study Notes

Planes of the Body

Sagittal Plane: Vertical division into right and left sections.
Midsagittal Plane: Equal division of the body into right and left halves along the midline.
Parasagittal Plane: Division into unequal right and left portions, offset from the midline.
Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Separates body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.
Transverse Plane: Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) sections.
Oblique Plane: Cuts through the body at an angle, creating a diagonal division.

Body Regions

Axial Body: Central part of the body, including the head, neck, and trunk; excludes limbs.
Appendicular Body: Comprises the limbs, referred to as upper and lower extremities.

Axial Body's Main Regions

Head and Neck: Includes the entire head area.
Cephalic: Pertains to the region of the head.
Cervical: Refers to the neck area.
Cranial: Encloses the skull.
Frontal: The forehead region.
Nasal: Corresponds to the nose.
Oral: Contains the mouth.
Occipital: Located at the base of the skull.
Abdomen: Central area of the torso.
Abdominal: Relates to the abdominal region.
Gluteal: Pertains to the buttocks.
Inguinal: Refers to the crease of the hip.
Lumbar: The lower back section.
Pelvic: Area between the hipbones, significant for reproductive structures.
Perineal: Region between the anus and external genitals.
Pubic: Refers specifically to the genital area.
Sacral: Found at the end of the vertebral column.
Thorax: Upper trunk area that houses vital organs.
Axilla: Another term for armpits.
Costal: Pertains to the ribs.
Deltoid: Shoulder region, critical for arm movement.
Mammary: Refers to the breast area.
Pectoral: Pertains to the chest.
Scapular: Relates to the shoulder blade region.
Sternal: Encompasses the breastbone area.

Planes of the Body

Sagittal Plane: Vertically splits the body into right and left portions.
Midsagittal Plane: Cuts the body into equal right and left halves along the midline.
Parasagittal Plane: Divides the body into unequal right and left sections, not aligned with the midline.
Frontal or Coronal Plane: Separates the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts.
Transverse Plane: Cross-section that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) sections.
Oblique Plane: Cuts through the body at an angle that is not equal to 90 degrees.

Body Regions

Axial Body: Includes the head, neck, thorax, and trunk; excludes limbs.
Appendicular Body: Comprises the appendages (arms and legs).

Main Regions of the Axial Body

Head and Neck:
- Cephalic Region: Contains several subregions.
  - Cranial: Encloses the skull.
    - Frontal: Forehead area.
    - Nasal: Nose region.
    - Oral: Mouth area.
    - Occipital: Back of the head.
  - Orbital/Ocular: Eyes' region.
  - Bucca: Cheek region.
- Cervical: The neck area.
Thorax:
- Encompasses areas such as:
  - Axillary: Armpit region.
  - Costal: Relating to the ribs.
  - Deltoid: Shoulder area.
  - Mammary: Breast region.
  - Pectoral: Chest area.
  - Scapular: Shoulder blade area.
  - Sternal: Breastbone area.
  - Vertebral: Spine area.
Abdomen:
- Contains multiple subdivisions:
  - Abdominal: General stomach region.
  - Gluteal: Buttocks area.
  - Inguinal: Groin area.
  - Lumbar: Lower back region.
  - Pelvic: Lower abdomen, containing reproductive organs.
  - Perineal: Region between the thighs.
  - Pubic: Lower front region of the abdomen.
  - Sacral: Base of the spine area.

Description

Explore the various planes and regions of the human body in this informative quiz. Understand the distinctions between sagittal, frontal, transverse, and other planes, as well as the axial and appendicular body regions. Ideal for students in anatomy or health sciences.