Podcast
Questions and Answers
In the water pipe analogy for electrical circuits, what component is analogous to a resistor?
In the water pipe analogy for electrical circuits, what component is analogous to a resistor?
- A section of pipe filled with rocks (correct)
- A large, smooth pipe
- A pump
- A valve
What is the primary advantage of using transistors over vacuum tubes?
What is the primary advantage of using transistors over vacuum tubes?
- They can handle higher voltages.
- They have lower power consumption.
- They are smaller and more reliable. (correct)
- They are more durable.
What is the main function of a transistor in an electronic circuit?
What is the main function of a transistor in an electronic circuit?
- To convert AC to DC.
- To store electrical charge.
- To amplify current or act as a switch. (correct)
- To act as a voltage regulator.
What happens to the total resistance when resistors are added in a series circuit?
What happens to the total resistance when resistors are added in a series circuit?
In a parallel circuit with multiple resistors, what happens to the overall resistance as more resistors are added in parallel?
In a parallel circuit with multiple resistors, what happens to the overall resistance as more resistors are added in parallel?
What does the third ring on a resistor's color code indicate?
What does the third ring on a resistor's color code indicate?
What is the function of a diode in a circuit?
What is the function of a diode in a circuit?
In the context of a diode, what does it mean to be 'forward-biased'?
In the context of a diode, what does it mean to be 'forward-biased'?
What would be the likely effect of connecting a capacitor directly to a DC (direct current) source for an extended amount of time?
What would be the likely effect of connecting a capacitor directly to a DC (direct current) source for an extended amount of time?
What is the function of a breadboard in electronics?
What is the function of a breadboard in electronics?
Why is it important to observe polarity when connecting electrolytic capacitors in a circuit?
Why is it important to observe polarity when connecting electrolytic capacitors in a circuit?
What does the term 'ground' usually refer to in a circuit?
What does the term 'ground' usually refer to in a circuit?
In the experiment with the water detector, what is the purpose of adding salt to the water?
In the experiment with the water detector, what is the purpose of adding salt to the water?
What is an inductor's typical behavior regarding DC and AC current?
What is an inductor's typical behavior regarding DC and AC current?
In the experiment on making your own battery using a capacitor, what behavior is observed with the LED when discharging the capacitor through a resistor?
In the experiment on making your own battery using a capacitor, what behavior is observed with the LED when discharging the capacitor through a resistor?
What is the purpose of a transformer in a circuit?
What is the purpose of a transformer in a circuit?
What is electric current measured in?
What is electric current measured in?
What is voltage measured in?
What is voltage measured in?
What is electrical resistance measured in?
What is electrical resistance measured in?
A circuit is set up such that a 1kΩ resistor and a 3.3kΩ resistor are in series connected to an LED. In a second separate setup the same resistors are connected in parallel to the LED. How will the brightness of the LED differ between the set ups?
A circuit is set up such that a 1kΩ resistor and a 3.3kΩ resistor are in series connected to an LED. In a second separate setup the same resistors are connected in parallel to the LED. How will the brightness of the LED differ between the set ups?
What is the name given to a circuit that uses feedback and has a constant and repeating frequency?
What is the name given to a circuit that uses feedback and has a constant and repeating frequency?
How is transistor able to function as a switch?
How is transistor able to function as a switch?
In complex circuits there are many combinations of components each affecting the performance of others. What is 'saturation'?
In complex circuits there are many combinations of components each affecting the performance of others. What is 'saturation'?
What best describes what's happening when the transistor is in Darlington configuration?
What best describes what's happening when the transistor is in Darlington configuration?
If an oscillator is producing too low a frequency, how can it be adjusted?
If an oscillator is producing too low a frequency, how can it be adjusted?
If an NPN transistor is on one is high will give a low output, otherwise if you would want to have on only if both inputs were high what type of circuit would you use?
If an NPN transistor is on one is high will give a low output, otherwise if you would want to have on only if both inputs were high what type of circuit would you use?
In electronics what is an "encoder"?
In electronics what is an "encoder"?
What is electricity?
What is electricity?
While electricity moves very quickly from switch to load the speed of the underlying carriers is actually quite slow. Which term describes electricial momentum?
While electricity moves very quickly from switch to load the speed of the underlying carriers is actually quite slow. Which term describes electricial momentum?
What is 'feedback' in the experiments that the Elenco series provides. (Pick 1)
What is 'feedback' in the experiments that the Elenco series provides. (Pick 1)
What is the 'analog' electricity that Elenco is describing? (Pick 1)
What is the 'analog' electricity that Elenco is describing? (Pick 1)
What is the best use for a diode made from Gallium Arsenide?
What is the best use for a diode made from Gallium Arsenide?
Where might a "Differential Pair" transistor arrangement be a practical arrangement for engineers to use? In what sort of design?
Where might a "Differential Pair" transistor arrangement be a practical arrangement for engineers to use? In what sort of design?
In some electronics kits there are multiple resistors, diodes, transistors, and other circuit components all on a single piece of silicon. This allows things to be easily produced. What is the name of the technology that results?
In some electronics kits there are multiple resistors, diodes, transistors, and other circuit components all on a single piece of silicon. This allows things to be easily produced. What is the name of the technology that results?
When engineers or others do work in the field of radio or sound there is often a word they use to describe a certain quality. What term do sound engineers or radio techs use to describe sound?
When engineers or others do work in the field of radio or sound there is often a word they use to describe a certain quality. What term do sound engineers or radio techs use to describe sound?
What is "electrical pressure" a measure of in the Elenco series?
What is "electrical pressure" a measure of in the Elenco series?
If the wires to the battery are connected as well as a 3.3 Ω and 10 kΩ resistor all arranged in a series with a battery, what will the LED do? (Keep in mind that it will do so in darkness)
If the wires to the battery are connected as well as a 3.3 Ω and 10 kΩ resistor all arranged in a series with a battery, what will the LED do? (Keep in mind that it will do so in darkness)
A capacitor in an electrical device was discovered to have two letters that show the orientation. What two letters are always marked on it?
A capacitor in an electrical device was discovered to have two letters that show the orientation. What two letters are always marked on it?
Flashcards
What is electricity?
What is electricity?
The flow of sub-atomic (very, very, very, small) particles.
What are wires?
What are wires?
Wires made of metals, usually copper, that offer very low resistance to the flow of electricity.
What is a short circuit?
What is a short circuit?
When wires from different parts of a circuit connect accidentally.
What is electric current?
What is electric current?
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What is a battery or generator?
What is a battery or generator?
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What is voltage?
What is voltage?
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What is a switch?
What is a switch?
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What are resistors?
What are resistors?
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What are breadboards?
What are breadboards?
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What do resistors in series do?
What do resistors in series do?
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What do resistors in parallel do?
What do resistors in parallel do?
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What are capacitors?
What are capacitors?
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What is a diode?
What is a diode?
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What is a transistor?
What is a transistor?
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What is a Darlington configuration?
What is a Darlington configuration?
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What is a flip-flop switch?
What is a flip-flop switch?
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What does a switch do?
What does a switch do?
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Study Notes
- The PK-101 model aims to transform any standard breadboard into an electronic learning center.
- It enables the user to perform 50 experiments.
- Some of the experiments include: building an electronic keyboard, electronic kazoo, battery tester, finger touch lamp, burglar and water alarms, a siren, a magnetic bridge,
- The kit includes everything necessary in order to build the circuits.
- A breadboard and a 9V battery or power supply are required but not included.
- The booklet entails learning the basic principles of electronics; how to build circuits using a breadboard; how basic electronic components work and how to read their values; how to read electronic schematics; how to design and troubleshoot basic electronic circuits; how to change the performance of electronic circuits by changing component values.
- The experiments require a breadboard or can be done on the Elenco XK-150, XK-550, or XK-700 trainers.
Parts List
- The kit comes with: 470Ω, 1kΩ, 3.3kΩ, 10kΩ, 33kΩ, and 1MΩ Resistors
- Includes: a 50kΩ Variable Resistor with dial; 0.005µF and 0.047μF Disc Capacitors; 10µF and 100µF Electrolytic Capacitors.
- Contains: 1N4148 Diodes and 2N3904 NPN Transistors
- Includes: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), a Transformer, a push-button Switch, a 9V Battery Clip, Speaker, and wires.
Basic Components
- Electricity is a flow of sub-atomic particles, called electrons, moving from atom to atom when an electrical charge is applied.
- Wires are usually made of copper that offer very low resistance to the flow of electricity.
- Electric current, expressed in amperes (A) or milliamps (mA), measure how fast electrons are flowing in a wire.
- Voltage, expressed in volts (V), measures how strong the electric charge from a battery or generator is.
Batteries and Generators:
- Batteries use a chemical reaction to create an electrical charge across the wires.
- Generators create electricity when a magnet is moved near the wire.
The Switch:
- A switch connects (the "closed" or "on" position) or disconnects (the "open" or "off" position) the wires in a circuit.
The Resistor:
- The resistance, expressed in ohms (Ω), kilohms (KΩ), or megohms (MΩ) is a measure of how much a resistor resists the flow of electricity.
The Breadboard:
- Breadboards are used for mounting electronic components to make connecting them together easy.
- The breadboard has 830 holes, arranged into rows and columns.
- The 5 holes within each column are electrically connected, but the columns are not electrically connected to each other
- Red “+” holes are used for "+" battery or power supply connections and the blue "-" holes are used for the ground (“-” battery or power supply) connections.
Resistors
- There is more current when there is less resistance in the circuit
- The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance is known as Ohm's Law (Current = Voltage/Resistance).
- Resistance is the electrical friction between an electric current and the material it is flowing through.
- It is the loss of energy from electron movement.
- Materials with low resistance are called conductors.
- Materials with high resistance are called insulators.
Resistor Color Code
- The first ring represents the first digit of the resistor's value.
- The second ring represents the second digit of the resistor's value.
- The third ring tells you the power of ten to multiply by, (or the number of zeros to add).
- The final and fourth ring represents the construction tolerance.
Variable Resistor
- A normal resistor (50kΩ) with an additional arm contact that can move along the resistive material and tap off the desired resistance.
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