Pigmentation Workbook

UVR stands for ______ radiation

EFAD stands for essential fatty acid ______

Chloasma/Melasma is stimulated by ______ in conjunction with sun exposure

Many medications are known ______-sensitizers

Many fragrances/perfumes have fixatives that react to ______

Post inflammatory hyper-pigmentation (PIH) is often seen on darker skin types ______

Intense Pulsed Light uses light to absorb ______

The darker the skin, the longer the pulse width and lower the ______

Melanocytes are specialized cells located at the base of the ______.

Melanin acts as a ______ to protect the skin from sunlight.

Factors such as hormones and inflammation can stimulate melanocytes to produce ______.

The rate-limiting enzyme for melanin synthesis is called ______.

The pathway of melanin formation can produce either ______ or eumelanin.

Melanosomes are unique vesicles that contain ______ produced by melanocytes.

Melanocytes produce the ______ pigment that combats UV damage to the skin.

The deposition of melanin at the skin’s surface provides some sunscreen protection from the damaging effects of UV rays, although in a Caucasian, the amount of SPF that melanin provides is likely no more than an ______ of 4.

When people with a lower melanin count in their skin are exposed to UV rays, abnormal melanin pigment production can occur and result in the formation of ______ spots or sun spots.

Chloasma and Melasma are used to describe hormonal ______ often appearing during pregnancy, with ovarian or thyroid dysfunction and when taking the contraceptive pill or other medication.

The most appropriate treatment for freckles is ______ (Intense Pulsed Light) which has a wow effect after treatment as the freckles darken and gradually disappear.

Loss of pigment can be permanent and is caused by UV exposure or skin ______.