30 Questions
What is the estimated transpiration rate of a five-year-old poplar tree?
100 liters per day
Which of the following plants is NOT mentioned as a phytoremediation species?
Oak (Quercus spp.)
What is an advantage of phytotechnology compared to conventional methods?
It is cost-effective
What is the benefit of hyperaccumulators in phytoremediation?
They reduce the volume of toxic waste
Which of the following is NOT a type of plant mentioned in the text?
Mosses
What is the estimated transpiration rate of a willow tree?
200 liters per day
What is phytoremediation?
A plant-based approach to extract and remove elemental pollutants or lower their bioavailability in soil
Why are plant-based treatments preferred over rival systems?
They are considerably cheaper than rival systems
What is an advantage of using phytotechnology to remove contaminants?
Multiple contaminants can be removed with the same plant
What is a crucial factor in selecting a species for phytoremediation?
The plant's ability to survive in contact with the contamination
How many species are considered suitable for use as phytoremediators?
Over 400 different species
What is a disadvantage of using Terrestrial Phyto-Systems (TPS) in winter months?
Decrease in action during winter months when trees are dormant
What is one way that some plants act as phytoremediators?
By accumulating contaminants within the plant biomass
What is a concern with contaminated plants entering the food chain?
Possibility of contaminated plants entering the food chain
Why is EPA approval necessary for phytotechnology procedures?
Much testing is needed before a procedure can be utilized
What is a beneficial effect of some phytoremediators on their environment?
Encouraging localized microbial growth
What is a difference between Aquatic Phyto-Systems (APS) and Terrestrial Phyto-Systems (TPS)?
APS is used for water contaminants, TPS is used for soil contaminants
What is a concern with the disposal of plant biomass in phytotechnology?
It can be hazardous and regulated by RCRA
What is the effect of mycorrhiza fungi on the absorption area of plants?
It increases the absorption area by up to 1000 times
Why is it important to work with contamination tolerant mycorrhiza or use additional measures like inoculation with bacteria?
To prevent high concentrations of contaminants from killing mycorrhiza
What is the primary factor that influences the duration of remediation in phytotechnology?
Growth rate
Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences root depth in plants?
Plant species
What is the advantage of rapid growth in terms of root depth for rhizodegradation, rhizofiltration, and phytostabilization?
It allows for faster remediation
Which process is more influenced by the growth rate of aboveground biomass?
Phytodegradation
What is the primary goal of phytostabilization?
To immobilize pollutants, reducing their bio-availability and preventing their migration off site
What is the importance of phytostabilization for exposed sites?
Minimizing the effects of wind erosion
What is the role of the rhizosphere in phytostabilization?
To accumulate and contain pollutants
What is the advantage of using rapid-growth plants for rhizofiltration?
They can remove toxic metals from solution over an extended period of time
What is the importance of acclimatizing plants to the specific character of the water to be treated?
To ensure the plant can remove toxic metals effectively
What is the limitation of phytostabilization in terms of metal removal?
Metals do not ultimately degrade, so holding them in place is the best option
This quiz covers the concepts of phytoremediation, including bioaccumulation, phytoextraction, phytostabilization, and rhizofiltration, and their role in removing pollutants from the environment.
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