Phytoremediation and Environmental Phytotechnologies
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Questions and Answers

What is the estimated transpiration rate of a five-year-old poplar tree?

  • 50 liters per day
  • 500 liters per day
  • 100 liters per day (correct)
  • 200 liters per day

Which of the following plants is NOT mentioned as a phytoremediation species?

  • Maple (Acer spp.)
  • Willow (Salix spp.)
  • Oak (Quercus spp.) (correct)
  • Lotus spp.

What is an advantage of phytotechnology compared to conventional methods?

  • It is more expensive
  • It is cost-effective (correct)
  • It requires more land disturbance
  • It is more intrusive to the environment

What is the benefit of hyperaccumulators in phytoremediation?

<p>They reduce the volume of toxic waste (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of plant mentioned in the text?

<p>Mosses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated transpiration rate of a willow tree?

<p>200 liters per day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is phytoremediation?

<p>A plant-based approach to extract and remove elemental pollutants or lower their bioavailability in soil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are plant-based treatments preferred over rival systems?

<p>They are considerably cheaper than rival systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using phytotechnology to remove contaminants?

<p>Multiple contaminants can be removed with the same plant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial factor in selecting a species for phytoremediation?

<p>The plant's ability to survive in contact with the contamination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many species are considered suitable for use as phytoremediators?

<p>Over 400 different species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of using Terrestrial Phyto-Systems (TPS) in winter months?

<p>Decrease in action during winter months when trees are dormant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way that some plants act as phytoremediators?

<p>By accumulating contaminants within the plant biomass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern with contaminated plants entering the food chain?

<p>Possibility of contaminated plants entering the food chain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is EPA approval necessary for phytotechnology procedures?

<p>Much testing is needed before a procedure can be utilized (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a beneficial effect of some phytoremediators on their environment?

<p>Encouraging localized microbial growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a difference between Aquatic Phyto-Systems (APS) and Terrestrial Phyto-Systems (TPS)?

<p>APS is used for water contaminants, TPS is used for soil contaminants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern with the disposal of plant biomass in phytotechnology?

<p>It can be hazardous and regulated by RCRA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of mycorrhiza fungi on the absorption area of plants?

<p>It increases the absorption area by up to 1000 times (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to work with contamination tolerant mycorrhiza or use additional measures like inoculation with bacteria?

<p>To prevent high concentrations of contaminants from killing mycorrhiza (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that influences the duration of remediation in phytotechnology?

<p>Growth rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences root depth in plants?

<p>Plant species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of rapid growth in terms of root depth for rhizodegradation, rhizofiltration, and phytostabilization?

<p>It allows for faster remediation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is more influenced by the growth rate of aboveground biomass?

<p>Phytodegradation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of phytostabilization?

<p>To immobilize pollutants, reducing their bio-availability and preventing their migration off site (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of phytostabilization for exposed sites?

<p>Minimizing the effects of wind erosion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the rhizosphere in phytostabilization?

<p>To accumulate and contain pollutants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using rapid-growth plants for rhizofiltration?

<p>They can remove toxic metals from solution over an extended period of time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of acclimatizing plants to the specific character of the water to be treated?

<p>To ensure the plant can remove toxic metals effectively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of phytostabilization in terms of metal removal?

<p>Metals do not ultimately degrade, so holding them in place is the best option (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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