Physiotherapy Techniques: Ultrasound and Laser Therapy

What is the recommended frequency for Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) for pain relief?

What is the recommended duration for Ultrasound (US) application?

What is the primary use of Infrared (IR) therapy?

What is the mechanism of action of PEME therapy?

What is a common postnatal complaint?

What is the recommended pulse width for PEME therapy?

What is the purpose of daily time rest in postpartum care?

What is the frequency used in TENS application for relief of after-pain?

What is an effective method for relieving perineal pain in women after vaginal birth with episiotomy?

What is a common cause of perineal pain in the immediate postpartum period?

What is the purpose of teaching the mother correct defecation techniques in postpartum care?

What type of energy is used in PEME therapy for inflammation reduction?

What is the primary mechanism of the circular motion technique over the lumbo-sacral area?

What is the primary purpose of the pelvic rocking exercises?

What is the primary cause of symphysis pubis pain during pregnancy and after delivery?

What is the primary purpose of the trochanteric belt in managing symphysis pubis pain?

What is the recommended frequency of cryotherapy application for managing symphysis pubis pain in the first 24 hours?

What is the primary purpose of pulsed US in managing symphysis pubis pain?

Pain Management

Ultrasound (US) therapy: 0.5-1 W/cm² intensity, 3-5 minute duration, using a water-filled condom or underwater technique to increase circulation and relieve pain.

Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)

Pain relief: 0.5-4 J/cm², frequency > 1000 Hz
Wound healing: 0.5-4 J/cm², frequency < 1000 Hz
Scar tissue: 4-6 J/cm², frequency > 1000 Hz
Mechanism of action: increases serotonin metabolism, beta-endorphin, and distal latency, while decreasing prostaglandin and nerve conduction velocity.

Pulsed Electromagnetic Energy (PEME)

Frequency: 27 MHz, pulse rate 100 p/s, pulse width 40-65 ms, 10-15 minute duration
Mechanism: reduces swelling and inflammation, increases fibrin and collagen deposition

Infrared (IR)

Exposure: 10-20 minutes, twice a day, for surface healing
Contraindication: haemorrhoids

Back Pain Management

Relaxation techniques: daily rest, relaxation on face, and proper posture
TENS application: V-shape on lower abdomen, frequency 80-120 Hz, pulse width 150 ms, 1 hour/day

Perineal Pain Management

Causes: trauma during childbirth, episiotomy, or a combination of both
Types: acute and chronic perineal pain
Management: analgesics, cryotherapy, electrotherapy, pelvic floor exercises, and proper defecation techniques

Electrotherapy

Techniques: ultrasound (US), low-level laser therapy (LLLT), pulsed electromagnetic energy (PEME), and infrared (IR)
Cryotherapy: ice pack for 4-5 minutes, relieves edema and reduces nerve conduction velocity

Symphysis Pubis Pain Management

Causes: separation between both recti during pregnancy
Symptoms: burning or shooting pain radiating to the abdomen, perineum, or upper thigh
Management: stabilization of pelvic joint, exercises, pillow between knees, cryotherapy, and pulsed US

This quiz covers the application of ultrasound and low-level laser therapy in physiotherapy, including their mechanisms and parameters for pain relief, wound healing, and scar tissue treatment.