Physiotherapy Techniques: Ultrasound and Laser Therapy

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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended frequency for Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) for pain relief?

Frequency = 500 Hz

Frequency = 1000 Hz

Frequency > 1000 Hz (correct)

Frequency < 1000 Hz

What is the recommended duration for Ultrasound (US) application?

3-5 minute (correct)

5-7 minute

1-2 minute

7-10 minute

What is the primary use of Infrared (IR) therapy?

Deep tissue healing

Pain relief

Surface wound healing (correct)

Inflammation reduction

What is the mechanism of action of PEME therapy?

↓ swelling & inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is a common postnatal complaint?

Back pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended pulse width for PEME therapy?

40-65 ms Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of daily time rest in postpartum care?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency used in TENS application for relief of after-pain?

80-120 Hz Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective method for relieving perineal pain in women after vaginal birth with episiotomy?

Cryotherapy Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of perineal pain in the immediate postpartum period?

Combination of episiotomy and spontaneous tear Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of teaching the mother correct defecation techniques in postpartum care?

To support the wound Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy is used in PEME therapy for inflammation reduction?

Electromagnetic energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of the circular motion technique over the lumbo-sacral area?

Deep heating effect, improvement of circulation and pain relief Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the pelvic rocking exercises?

To strength both the abdominal and back muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of symphysis pubis pain during pregnancy and after delivery?

Separation between both recti by growing baby Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the trochanteric belt in managing symphysis pubis pain?

To stabilize the pelvic joints that are hypermobile or inflamed Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency of cryotherapy application for managing symphysis pubis pain in the first 24 hours?

Every 1-2 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of pulsed US in managing symphysis pubis pain?

To reduce inflammation and pain Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pain Management

Ultrasound (US) therapy: 0.5-1 W/cm² intensity, 3-5 minute duration, using a water-filled condom or underwater technique to increase circulation and relieve pain.

Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)

Pain relief: 0.5-4 J/cm², frequency > 1000 Hz
Wound healing: 0.5-4 J/cm², frequency < 1000 Hz
Scar tissue: 4-6 J/cm², frequency > 1000 Hz
Mechanism of action: increases serotonin metabolism, beta-endorphin, and distal latency, while decreasing prostaglandin and nerve conduction velocity.

Pulsed Electromagnetic Energy (PEME)

Frequency: 27 MHz, pulse rate 100 p/s, pulse width 40-65 ms, 10-15 minute duration
Mechanism: reduces swelling and inflammation, increases fibrin and collagen deposition

Infrared (IR)

Exposure: 10-20 minutes, twice a day, for surface healing
Contraindication: haemorrhoids

Back Pain Management

Relaxation techniques: daily rest, relaxation on face, and proper posture
TENS application: V-shape on lower abdomen, frequency 80-120 Hz, pulse width 150 ms, 1 hour/day

Perineal Pain Management

Causes: trauma during childbirth, episiotomy, or a combination of both
Types: acute and chronic perineal pain
Management: analgesics, cryotherapy, electrotherapy, pelvic floor exercises, and proper defecation techniques

Electrotherapy

Techniques: ultrasound (US), low-level laser therapy (LLLT), pulsed electromagnetic energy (PEME), and infrared (IR)
Cryotherapy: ice pack for 4-5 minutes, relieves edema and reduces nerve conduction velocity

Symphysis Pubis Pain Management

Causes: separation between both recti during pregnancy
Symptoms: burning or shooting pain radiating to the abdomen, perineum, or upper thigh
Management: stabilization of pelvic joint, exercises, pillow between knees, cryotherapy, and pulsed US

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Description

This quiz covers the application of ultrasound and low-level laser therapy in physiotherapy, including their mechanisms and parameters for pain relief, wound healing, and scar tissue treatment.