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Questions and Answers
Which level represents normal sodium concentration outside the cells?
Which level represents normal sodium concentration outside the cells?
Which protein is responsible for 70% of the colloidal osmotic pressure?
Which protein is responsible for 70% of the colloidal osmotic pressure?
The nurse is preparing to administer a transfusion of a blood product. What is the most appropriate intravenous fluid to hang as a maintenance infusion?
The nurse is preparing to administer a transfusion of a blood product. What is the most appropriate intravenous fluid to hang as a maintenance infusion?
What percentage of sodium chloride is considered half-normal?
What percentage of sodium chloride is considered half-normal?
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Which fluid is given to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity in patients?
Which fluid is given to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity in patients?
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The nurse is caring for a patient with clotting factor deficiency. Which product is necessary for this patient?
The nurse is caring for a patient with clotting factor deficiency. Which product is necessary for this patient?
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Which product is preferred in patients with extreme blood loss of over 25%?
Which product is preferred in patients with extreme blood loss of over 25%?
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Which is the fluid of choice in a patient who has lost 15% of blood volume slowly?
Which is the fluid of choice in a patient who has lost 15% of blood volume slowly?
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Which drug is used to treat hyperkalemia?
Which drug is used to treat hyperkalemia?
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Which blood product is administered to anemic patients?
Which blood product is administered to anemic patients?
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A patient requires treatment with a hypotonic intravenous fluid. Which intravenous fluid will be ordered by the health care provider?
A patient requires treatment with a hypotonic intravenous fluid. Which intravenous fluid will be ordered by the health care provider?
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A patient is prescribed an isotonic intravenous fluid. Which intravenous fluid is most likely to be ordered by the health care provider?
A patient is prescribed an isotonic intravenous fluid. Which intravenous fluid is most likely to be ordered by the health care provider?
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What is the priority nursing intervention when administering intravenous potassium replacement to a patient?
What is the priority nursing intervention when administering intravenous potassium replacement to a patient?
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For which symptoms does the nurse assess in a patient with hypernatremia? Select all that apply.
For which symptoms does the nurse assess in a patient with hypernatremia? Select all that apply.
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Which patient condition is a contraindication for the administration of dextran?
Which patient condition is a contraindication for the administration of dextran?
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Which solution may have other electrolytes added without causing the fluid to be hypertonic?
Which solution may have other electrolytes added without causing the fluid to be hypertonic?
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The health care provider has ordered 5% dextrose in water as a maintenance fluid for the patient. The nurse is assessing the patient at the beginning of the shift and observes the fluid hanging to be 5% dextrose in normal saline (D5NS). Which is the highest priority nursing action?
The health care provider has ordered 5% dextrose in water as a maintenance fluid for the patient. The nurse is assessing the patient at the beginning of the shift and observes the fluid hanging to be 5% dextrose in normal saline (D5NS). Which is the highest priority nursing action?
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Which intravenous fluid is appropriate for a patient who has lost 30% of his or her blood slowly as a result of internal hemorrhage?
Which intravenous fluid is appropriate for a patient who has lost 30% of his or her blood slowly as a result of internal hemorrhage?
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A patient is experiencing nausea, cardiac dysrhythmias, and shortness of breath. Which electrolyte alteration does the nurse suspect in the patient?
A patient is experiencing nausea, cardiac dysrhythmias, and shortness of breath. Which electrolyte alteration does the nurse suspect in the patient?
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A patient is hospitalized due to euvolemic hyponatremia. Which drug is useful for treating the patient?
A patient is hospitalized due to euvolemic hyponatremia. Which drug is useful for treating the patient?
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A patient has experienced a slow blood loss of about 20%. Which solution is administered to treat the patient?
A patient has experienced a slow blood loss of about 20%. Which solution is administered to treat the patient?
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A patient with diarrhea has reduced urine output. Which treatment will the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe?
A patient with diarrhea has reduced urine output. Which treatment will the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe?
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Which finding in the medical record requires the nurse to question an order for intravenous albumin?
Which finding in the medical record requires the nurse to question an order for intravenous albumin?
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A patient is prescribed a sodium polystyrene sulfonate enema. The nurse is reviewing the patient's laboratory reports. Which potassium level does the nurse expect?
A patient is prescribed a sodium polystyrene sulfonate enema. The nurse is reviewing the patient's laboratory reports. Which potassium level does the nurse expect?
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A primary health care provider orders potassium supplements for a patient who is lethargic and dehydrated. After assessing the laboratory reports, the nurse finds the patient's potassium levels are 4 mEq/L. Which adverse effect would the nurse monitor for in this patient?
A primary health care provider orders potassium supplements for a patient who is lethargic and dehydrated. After assessing the laboratory reports, the nurse finds the patient's potassium levels are 4 mEq/L. Which adverse effect would the nurse monitor for in this patient?
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The nurse is caring for a patient who has severe diarrhea and who is being treated aggressively with crystalloid solutions. What effects will the nurse monitor for in the patient?
The nurse is caring for a patient who has severe diarrhea and who is being treated aggressively with crystalloid solutions. What effects will the nurse monitor for in the patient?
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The nurse is assessing a patient's laboratory reports and finds that the serum pH is less than 7. Which drug may be contraindicated in this patient?
The nurse is assessing a patient's laboratory reports and finds that the serum pH is less than 7. Which drug may be contraindicated in this patient?
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Which can cause hyperkalemia? Select all that apply.
Which can cause hyperkalemia? Select all that apply.
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A patient has received an infusion of packed red blood cells. Which assessment findings indicate an improvement in the patient's health status? Select all that apply.
A patient has received an infusion of packed red blood cells. Which assessment findings indicate an improvement in the patient's health status? Select all that apply.
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A patient with hypokalemia is ordered to receive an intravenous (IV) dose of potassium chloride (KCl) 15 mEq in 250 mL of 0.9% saline to infuse over 1 hour. What action will the nurse take prior to starting the infusion?
A patient with hypokalemia is ordered to receive an intravenous (IV) dose of potassium chloride (KCl) 15 mEq in 250 mL of 0.9% saline to infuse over 1 hour. What action will the nurse take prior to starting the infusion?
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For what signs and symptoms of overdose does the nurse monitor after administering a hypertonic saline solution to a patient who has severe hyponatremia?
For what signs and symptoms of overdose does the nurse monitor after administering a hypertonic saline solution to a patient who has severe hyponatremia?
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The primary health care provider orders an intravenous (IV) potassium infusion for a patient who has undergone heart surgery. During the infusion, the nurse notes an irregular electrocardiograph associated with a rapid increase in heart rate. What are the priority nursing interventions? Select all that apply.
The primary health care provider orders an intravenous (IV) potassium infusion for a patient who has undergone heart surgery. During the infusion, the nurse notes an irregular electrocardiograph associated with a rapid increase in heart rate. What are the priority nursing interventions? Select all that apply.
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A patient with severe burns has been vomiting and feeling dizzy when standing up. The nurse assesses a blood pressure of 80/50 mm Hg and a pulse of 100 beats/min. Which intravenous fluid will the nurse expect to administer to the patient?
A patient with severe burns has been vomiting and feeling dizzy when standing up. The nurse assesses a blood pressure of 80/50 mm Hg and a pulse of 100 beats/min. Which intravenous fluid will the nurse expect to administer to the patient?
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Before administering frozen plasma to the patient, what information will the nurse gather?
Before administering frozen plasma to the patient, what information will the nurse gather?
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The nurse observes that a patient with an increased sodium level has an increase in weight, a heart rate of 90 beats/min, and a blood pressure of 170/90 mm Hg. The patient reports reduced urine output. Which instruction will the nurse expect from the primary health care provider?
The nurse observes that a patient with an increased sodium level has an increase in weight, a heart rate of 90 beats/min, and a blood pressure of 170/90 mm Hg. The patient reports reduced urine output. Which instruction will the nurse expect from the primary health care provider?
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Which patient cue would the nurse expect to decrease with intravenous therapy for a patient receiving 0.9% saline at 100 mL/h? SATA
Which patient cue would the nurse expect to decrease with intravenous therapy for a patient receiving 0.9% saline at 100 mL/h? SATA
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Which additional benefit will occur for a patient whose prescribed treatment changes from packed red blood cells to whole blood intravenously? SATA
Which additional benefit will occur for a patient whose prescribed treatment changes from packed red blood cells to whole blood intravenously? SATA
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Based on the patient data, which action with the nurse take for a patient who is prescribed a sodium polystyrene sulfonate enema?
Based on the patient data, which action with the nurse take for a patient who is prescribed a sodium polystyrene sulfonate enema?
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which patient cue would the nurse monitor for it a patient received a rapid intravenous infusion of albumin beyond the prescribed amount and rate?
which patient cue would the nurse monitor for it a patient received a rapid intravenous infusion of albumin beyond the prescribed amount and rate?
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which intervention will the nurse discuss with a patient with euvolemic hyponatremia in the emergency department who is prescribed tolvaptan orally for treatment
which intervention will the nurse discuss with a patient with euvolemic hyponatremia in the emergency department who is prescribed tolvaptan orally for treatment
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The nurse is reviewing the serum potassium levels of serval patients. Which cue places a patient at the highest risk for potassium toxicity?
The nurse is reviewing the serum potassium levels of serval patients. Which cue places a patient at the highest risk for potassium toxicity?
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Which prescribed therapy requires review with the health care provider prior to the implementation of treatment for a patient admitted for pneumonia, dehydration with mild hyponatremia and hypokalemia?
Which prescribed therapy requires review with the health care provider prior to the implementation of treatment for a patient admitted for pneumonia, dehydration with mild hyponatremia and hypokalemia?
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The nurse is monitoring a patient who recently began receiving 0.45% NaCl intravenously. Which cue would te nurse monitor for as an expected finding from the intravenous therapy?
The nurse is monitoring a patient who recently began receiving 0.45% NaCl intravenously. Which cue would te nurse monitor for as an expected finding from the intravenous therapy?
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A patient is admitted to the hospital after experiencing confusion, weakness and loss of appetite. The patient's blood pressure is 90/60 in the serum blood pH shows acidity which drug does the nurse expect to administer?
A patient is admitted to the hospital after experiencing confusion, weakness and loss of appetite. The patient's blood pressure is 90/60 in the serum blood pH shows acidity which drug does the nurse expect to administer?
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The primary health care provider prescribes a loop diuretic to a patient to treat hypertension. The medication history shows that the patient is taking a mineralocorticoid to treat Addison's disease. In the follow-up visit, the patient reports, "I was unable to walk even small distances, and I don't feel like eating." What does the nurse expect the provider to order? Select all that apply.
The primary health care provider prescribes a loop diuretic to a patient to treat hypertension. The medication history shows that the patient is taking a mineralocorticoid to treat Addison's disease. In the follow-up visit, the patient reports, "I was unable to walk even small distances, and I don't feel like eating." What does the nurse expect the provider to order? Select all that apply.
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A patient has acute blood loss of about 20% as the result of a motor vehicle accident. Which will the nurse expect to administer?
A patient has acute blood loss of about 20% as the result of a motor vehicle accident. Which will the nurse expect to administer?
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The nurse observes accumulation of fluid in a patient's feet and high body temperature in a patient receiving sodium polystyrene sulfonate to treat hyperkalemia. What will the nurse expect to perform to reduce the swelling? Select all that apply.
The nurse observes accumulation of fluid in a patient's feet and high body temperature in a patient receiving sodium polystyrene sulfonate to treat hyperkalemia. What will the nurse expect to perform to reduce the swelling? Select all that apply.
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A patient is receiving 0.9% normal saline with potassium chloride 40cmEq/L at 100 mL/h. Which action will the nurse take if there has been no urinary output from the urinary catheter for four hours?
A patient is receiving 0.9% normal saline with potassium chloride 40cmEq/L at 100 mL/h. Which action will the nurse take if there has been no urinary output from the urinary catheter for four hours?
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A patient with severe trauma has received 5000 mL normal saline intravenously. The patient now has peripheral edema but remains hypotensive. Which agent will help in correction of the fluid balance?
A patient with severe trauma has received 5000 mL normal saline intravenously. The patient now has peripheral edema but remains hypotensive. Which agent will help in correction of the fluid balance?
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A patient receiving a unit of red blood cells suddenly develops shortness of breath, chills, and fever. Which intervention by the nurse is correct?
A patient receiving a unit of red blood cells suddenly develops shortness of breath, chills, and fever. Which intervention by the nurse is correct?
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A patient who has just undergone surgery, exhibits tachycardia, and a hemoglobin level of 7g/100mL. Which fluid therapy will the nurse expect to administer?
A patient who has just undergone surgery, exhibits tachycardia, and a hemoglobin level of 7g/100mL. Which fluid therapy will the nurse expect to administer?
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A patient who was injured in a motorcycle accident has hypovolemic shock due to excess blood loss. The laboratory report showed that the patient has anemia. which treatment will the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?
A patient who was injured in a motorcycle accident has hypovolemic shock due to excess blood loss. The laboratory report showed that the patient has anemia. which treatment will the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?
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The nurse is assessing a patient who has been diagnosed with jaundice. The patient has a total protein level of 4.5 g/dL. Which treatment will the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe?
The nurse is assessing a patient who has been diagnosed with jaundice. The patient has a total protein level of 4.5 g/dL. Which treatment will the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe?
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The nurse is assessing an 80-year-old patient and finds that the patient has muscle weakness, anorexia, lethargy, and nausea. Which treatment will the nurse expect the provider to order?
The nurse is assessing an 80-year-old patient and finds that the patient has muscle weakness, anorexia, lethargy, and nausea. Which treatment will the nurse expect the provider to order?
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The nurse is assessing a patient who has symptoms of anorexia, lethargy, and confusion and finds the patient's potassium level to be 3 mEq/L. Which question will the nurse ask the patient before initiating the treatment?
The nurse is assessing a patient who has symptoms of anorexia, lethargy, and confusion and finds the patient's potassium level to be 3 mEq/L. Which question will the nurse ask the patient before initiating the treatment?
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A patient reports severe thirst and fever. The nurse finds that the patient's blood pressure is 140/95 mm Hg. Which assessment will the nurse perform prior to administering 5% dextrose intravenously?
A patient reports severe thirst and fever. The nurse finds that the patient's blood pressure is 140/95 mm Hg. Which assessment will the nurse perform prior to administering 5% dextrose intravenously?
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An older adult with heart failure is admitted to the hospital. The patient appears lethargic and is unable to recognize family members. The patient has a serum sodium level of 110 mEq/L in a serum potassium level of three mEq/L. the nurse will tell the patient's family members that the patient's condition is caused by which of the following?
An older adult with heart failure is admitted to the hospital. The patient appears lethargic and is unable to recognize family members. The patient has a serum sodium level of 110 mEq/L in a serum potassium level of three mEq/L. the nurse will tell the patient's family members that the patient's condition is caused by which of the following?
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The nurse is administering hypertonic saline solution to treat a patient with severe hyponatremia which nursing action is priority?
The nurse is administering hypertonic saline solution to treat a patient with severe hyponatremia which nursing action is priority?
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The primary healthcare provider, prescribes IV fluids, containing potassium for a patient who has gastroenteritis and dehydration, which nursing action is correct before administering the IV fluid?
The primary healthcare provider, prescribes IV fluids, containing potassium for a patient who has gastroenteritis and dehydration, which nursing action is correct before administering the IV fluid?
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The nurse is administering whole blood to a patient who experienced severe blood loss and who also has an underlying coagulation disorder. Which formulation will the nurse expect to administer to this patient?
The nurse is administering whole blood to a patient who experienced severe blood loss and who also has an underlying coagulation disorder. Which formulation will the nurse expect to administer to this patient?
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Which aspect of a patient's history is a contraindication for administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate?
Which aspect of a patient's history is a contraindication for administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate?
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