Physiology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the circulatory system in human beings?

Excretion of waste materials

Digestion of food

Transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide (correct)

Synthesis of proteins

In plants, waste material is removed through the xylem.

False (B)

How do plants excrete waste material?

Plants excrete waste material by storing it in cell-vacuoles or as gum and resin, removing it in the falling leaves, or excreting it into the surrounding soil.

The transport of water, minerals, food, and other materials in plants is a function of the ___________.

vascular tissue Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organs with their functions:

Kidneys = Excretion Heart = Transportation Lungs = Respiration Stomach = Digestion Signup and view all the answers

What is the autotrophic mode of nutrition dependent on?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nephrons in the kidneys?

The nephrons in the kidneys remove excretory products in the form of soluble nitrogen compounds. Signup and view all the answers

Fats are digested in the mouth.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds?

To facilitate exchange of gases (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the biological process involved in the removal of harmful metabolic wastes from the body?

Excretion Signup and view all the answers

Unicellular organisms use specialized organs to remove waste products.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

The excretory system of human beings includes a pair of __________, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra.

kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the kidneys in the excretory system?

To filter blood and remove waste (C) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organs with their functions in the excretory system:

Kidneys = Filter blood and remove waste Ureters = Transport urine from kidneys to bladder Urinary bladder = Store urine Urethra = Remove urine from the body Signup and view all the answers

How do plants transport water and minerals?

Through xylem tissue Signup and view all the answers

Food is transported in plants through the xylem tissue.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the transport of soluble products of photosynthesis in plants?

Translocation (D) Signup and view all the answers

Transport in xylem is achieved by utilising energy from ATP.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of companion cells in phloem tissue?

To help in translocation of food and other substances in both upward and downward directions Signup and view all the answers

The phloem transports amino acids and other substances to the _______________ of roots, fruits, and seeds.

storage organs Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of translocation in phloem?

Both upward and downward (C) Signup and view all the answers

The transport of water and minerals in plants occurs in the phloem tissue.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy source used for translocation in phloem?

ATP Signup and view all the answers

Match the following plant tissues with their functions:

Xylem = Transport of water and minerals Phloem = Transport of soluble products of photosynthesis Roots = Storage organs Stem = Supporting plant growth Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Circulatory System

The circulatory system in humans consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels, responsible for transporting materials like oxygen, carbon dioxide, food, and excretory products.

Transport in Plants

In highly differentiated plants, transport of water, minerals, food, and other materials is a function of vascular tissue, consisting of xylem and phloem.

Excretion

Excretion is the biological process of removing harmful metabolic wastes from the body.
Different organisms use varied strategies for excretion, such as simple diffusion in unicellular organisms and specialized organs in complex multi-cellular organisms.

Excretion in Human Beings

The excretory system in humans includes a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra.
Kidneys are located in the abdomen and play a crucial role in removing excretory products, such as soluble nitrogen compounds.

Transport of Food in Plants

Translocation is the transport of soluble products of photosynthesis from leaves to other parts of the plant, occurring in the phloem part of vascular tissue.
Phloem transports amino acids and other substances to storage organs, fruits, seeds, and growing organs.
Translocation occurs in sieve tubes with the help of adjacent companion cells, using energy from ATP to increase osmotic pressure and move materials.