Physiology of the Kidneys Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What activates the parasympathetic nervous system to lead to detrusor contraction and internal sphincter relaxation during the voiding phase?

  • Intense level stretch activating PMC (correct)
  • Nerve injury to sacral spinal cord
  • Tonic activity from PSC
  • Inhibition of external sphincter contraction
  • What effect does a spinal cord injury between the pons and sacral spinal segment have on micturition?

  • Prevents the bladder from emptying
  • Large volume bladder
  • Facilitates voiding
  • Overactive bladder and detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (correct)
  • What percentage of Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) cases are due to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease?

  • 15%
  • 25%
  • 95%
  • 85% (correct)
  • Where are the genes located that code for polycystin-1 and polycystin-2 proteins in PKD?

    <p>Chromosome 16 and chromosome 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What increases the tendency to form kidney stones according to the text?

    <p><strong>Dehydration</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are kidney stones made of typically, according to the text?

    <p><strong>Calcium</strong> stones and other types like magnesium ammonium phosphate or uric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the kidney?

    <p>Regulates the extracellular fluid environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the storage phase of micturition?

    <p>Sympathetic activation leads to detrusor relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the urinary system is responsible for storing urine?

    <p>Urinary bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is secreted by the kidneys to regulate erythropoiesis?

    <p>Erythropoietin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of nephrons in the urinary system?

    <p>Filter blood and produce urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division of the nervous system controls the "guarding reflex" during micturition?

    <p>Somatic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

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