Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of the body's response to septicemia?
To maintain blood volume and perfusion of vital organs
What is a characteristic of hepatic dysfunction in severe sepsis?
Elevated bilirubin levels
Which of the following is a sign of severe sepsis?
Acute alteration in mental status
What is a key characteristic of septic shock?
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Which of the following is NOT a criterion for diagnosing SIRS?
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What is the result of inadequate cardiac output in septicemia?
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What is the primary cause of lactic acid production in septicemia?
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What is the result of severe sepsis?
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Which of the following is a consequence of decreased cardiac output in septicemia?
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What is the primary mechanism of cellular injury in septic shock?
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Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of severe sepsis?
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What is the primary function of cortisol in the response to septicemia?
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What is the consequence of inadequate tissue perfusion in septicemia?
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Which of the following is a criterion for diagnosing SIRS?
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What is the consequence of excessive cortisol production in septicemia?
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Which of the following is a complication of severe sepsis?
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What is the primary mechanism by which the body responds to septicemia?
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What is the primary cause of decreased cardiac output in septicemia?
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What is the primary consequence of inadequate tissue perfusion in septicemia?
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What is the primary role of cortisol in the response to septicemia?
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What is the primary criterion for diagnosing septic shock?
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What is the primary consequence of lactic acid production in septicemia?
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What is the primary mechanism of cellular injury in septicemia?
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What is the primary outcome of septicemia?
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What is the primary physiological response to maintain blood volume in septicemia?
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What is the primary consequence of decreased oxygen supply in septicemia?
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What is the primary criterion for diagnosing SIRS in the context of septicemia?
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What is the primary consequence of inadequate tissue perfusion in septicemia?
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What is the primary role of adrenaline in the response to septicemia?
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What is the primary characteristic of septic shock?
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What is the primary consequence of excessive cortisol production in septicemia?
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What is the primary clinical manifestation of severe sepsis?
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Study Notes
SIRS and Septic Shock
- SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) is the clinical presentation of widespread inflammation resulting from various insults, including trauma, burns, and pancreatitis.
- SIRS requires evaluation of temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and white blood cell count.
- Organ dysfunction is a key feature of severe sepsis.
Organ Dysfunction
- Hepatic dysfunction: bilirubin >34 µmol/l and high liver enzyme levels.
- Mental/brain dysfunction: acute alteration in mental status.
- Other organ dysfunction can occur, including cardiac, renal, and respiratory.
Septic Shock
- Characterized by decreased blood pressure (BP) and decreased blood perfusion.
- Decreased oxygen (O2) supply leads to increased lactic acid production.
- Increased stress and glucose levels are also observed.
Pathogenesis
- Inadequate cardiac output and decreased blood pressure lead to tissue perfusion and cell death.
- Cortisol, GH, and adrenaline play a role in the pathogenesis of septic shock.
Clinical Manifestations
- Purpura is a clinical manifestation of septic shock.
- Shock, inadequate cardiac output, and decreased blood pressure can lead to organ failure and death.
- Fluid loss and decreased blood volume can worsen outcomes in septicemia.
SIRS and Septic Shock
- SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) is the clinical presentation of widespread inflammation resulting from various insults, including trauma, burns, and pancreatitis.
- SIRS requires evaluation of temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and white blood cell count.
- Organ dysfunction is a key feature of severe sepsis.
Organ Dysfunction
- Hepatic dysfunction: bilirubin >34 µmol/l and high liver enzyme levels.
- Mental/brain dysfunction: acute alteration in mental status.
- Other organ dysfunction can occur, including cardiac, renal, and respiratory.
Septic Shock
- Characterized by decreased blood pressure (BP) and decreased blood perfusion.
- Decreased oxygen (O2) supply leads to increased lactic acid production.
- Increased stress and glucose levels are also observed.
Pathogenesis
- Inadequate cardiac output and decreased blood pressure lead to tissue perfusion and cell death.
- Cortisol, GH, and adrenaline play a role in the pathogenesis of septic shock.
Clinical Manifestations
- Purpura is a clinical manifestation of septic shock.
- Shock, inadequate cardiac output, and decreased blood pressure can lead to organ failure and death.
- Fluid loss and decreased blood volume can worsen outcomes in septicemia.
SIRS and Septic Shock
- SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) is the clinical presentation of widespread inflammation resulting from various insults, including trauma, burns, and pancreatitis.
- SIRS requires evaluation of temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and white blood cell count.
- Organ dysfunction is a key feature of severe sepsis.
Organ Dysfunction
- Hepatic dysfunction: bilirubin >34 µmol/l and high liver enzyme levels.
- Mental/brain dysfunction: acute alteration in mental status.
- Other organ dysfunction can occur, including cardiac, renal, and respiratory.
Septic Shock
- Characterized by decreased blood pressure (BP) and decreased blood perfusion.
- Decreased oxygen (O2) supply leads to increased lactic acid production.
- Increased stress and glucose levels are also observed.
Pathogenesis
- Inadequate cardiac output and decreased blood pressure lead to tissue perfusion and cell death.
- Cortisol, GH, and adrenaline play a role in the pathogenesis of septic shock.
Clinical Manifestations
- Purpura is a clinical manifestation of septic shock.
- Shock, inadequate cardiac output, and decreased blood pressure can lead to organ failure and death.
- Fluid loss and decreased blood volume can worsen outcomes in septicemia.
SIRS and Septic Shock
- SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) is the clinical presentation of widespread inflammation resulting from various insults, including trauma, burns, and pancreatitis.
- SIRS requires evaluation of temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and white blood cell count.
- Organ dysfunction is a key feature of severe sepsis.
Organ Dysfunction
- Hepatic dysfunction: bilirubin >34 µmol/l and high liver enzyme levels.
- Mental/brain dysfunction: acute alteration in mental status.
- Other organ dysfunction can occur, including cardiac, renal, and respiratory.
Septic Shock
- Characterized by decreased blood pressure (BP) and decreased blood perfusion.
- Decreased oxygen (O2) supply leads to increased lactic acid production.
- Increased stress and glucose levels are also observed.
Pathogenesis
- Inadequate cardiac output and decreased blood pressure lead to tissue perfusion and cell death.
- Cortisol, GH, and adrenaline play a role in the pathogenesis of septic shock.
Clinical Manifestations
- Purpura is a clinical manifestation of septic shock.
- Shock, inadequate cardiac output, and decreased blood pressure can lead to organ failure and death.
- Fluid loss and decreased blood volume can worsen outcomes in septicemia.
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