24 Questions
What is shock characterized by?
A significant systemic reduction in tissue perfusion
Which of the following is NOT a type of shock?
Hypertensive shock
What is the result of cellular anaerobic glycolysis in shock?
Accumulation of pyruvate
What is the main difference between shock and hypotension?
Shock is not a synonym to hypotension
What is the goal of monitoring and treatment of shock patients?
To restore tissue oxygen delivery
What is the consequence of insufficient removal of cellular metabolic products in shock?
Tissue injury
What is the primary characteristic of hypodynamic shock?
Low cardiac output and high vascular resistance
What is the main cause of septic shock?
Infection or sepsis
What is the primary mechanism of cardiogenic shock?
Inability to deliver blood into the vascular tree with adequate power
What is the effect of distributive shock on vascular resistance?
Decreases vascular resistance
What is the typical finding in the early stage of septic shock?
Hyperglycemia and respiratory alkalosis
What is the primary mechanism of hypovolemic shock?
Decreased preload
What is the primary treatment for cardiogenic shock?
Diuretics and vasodilators
What is the effect of septic shock on cutaneous blood vessels?
Dilation of arterioles and sequestration of blood in venules
What is the typical skin temperature in hyperdynamic shock?
Warm
What is the typical finding in the late stage of septic shock?
Disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiorgan system failure
What is the cause of cardiogenic shock in the case of aortic stenosis?
Obstructive disorder
What is the typical sign of cardiogenic shock?
Dyspnea, rales, and gallop
What is the primary mechanism of neurogenic shock?
Loss of autonomic innervation of the cardiovascular system
Which of the following is a characteristic sign of anaphylactic shock?
Laryngeal edema
What is the primary cause of anaphylactic shock?
Binding of a foreign antigen to immunoglobulin-E
What is the treatment for neurogenic shock?
IV fluid and vasoactive medications
What is the effect of anaphylactic shock on the cardiovascular system?
Vasodilation and hypotension
What is a common cause of anaphylactic shock?
Penicillin injection
This quiz covers the physiology of shock, its types, causes, and clinical features. It also discusses pathophysiologic changes, monitoring, and treatment of shock patients.
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