Physiology of Immune Function
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

  • To maintain fluid balance and transport excess interstitial fluid (correct)
  • To develop and mature immune cells
  • To filter blood
  • To defend against inhaled bacteria and viruses

    • What is the primary function of agglutination in the humoral-mediated response?

  • To inhibit the activation of immune cells
  • To activate immune cells
  • To produce antibodies
  • To facilitate phagocytosis and clear the invading organism (correct)

    • Which organ is responsible for T cell development and maturation?

  • Bone marrow
  • Peyer's patches
  • Spleen
  • Thymus (correct)

    • What is the result of acquired immunity?

    <p>Vaccinations and maternal antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of opsonization in the humoral-mediated response?

    <p>To facilitate phagocytosis and clear the invading organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the spleen?

    <p>To filter blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the history component of the immune system assessment?

    <p>Age, current medications, family history, social history, and nutritional status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of radiological imaging in the diagnostic studies of the immune system?

    <p>To identify sites of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the immune system is responsible for trapping inhaled bacteria and viruses?

    <p>Tonsils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the second line of defense in the immune system?

    <p>Non-specific immune cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common age-related change in the immune system?

    <p>Decline in immune function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of bone marrow aspiration and biopsy in the diagnostic studies of the immune system?

    <p>To evaluate bone marrow function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cytokines in the immune system?

    <p>To regulate immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immune response involves the activation of T cells to directly destroy foreign or abnormal cells?

    <p>Cellular mediated response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the innate immune response?

    <p>To provide immediate nonspecific defense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the complement system in the immune response?

    <p>To provide cell-killing for innate and acquired immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of barrier is the skin considered in the context of immune function?

    <p>Physical barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the innate and adaptive immune responses?

    <p>The specificity of the response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the antigen-antibody binding in the humoral-mediated response?

    <p>Enhance phagocytosis and clearing of invading organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an anatomical barrier in the immune system?

    <p>Skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the adaptive immune response?

    <p>Provide long-term immunity against specific pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a cellular-mediated response?

    <p>T cell activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the inflammatory response in the immune system?

    <p>Localize and eliminate pathogens from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of the humoral-mediated response?

    <p>Enhances phagocytosis through antigen-antibody binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immune response is characterized by a response without memory?

    <p>Innate immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the physical and mechanical barriers in the immune system?

    <p>To provide immediate nonspecific protection against infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of the inflammatory response?

    <p>Opsonization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the cellular and humoral mediated responses?

    <p>The mechanism of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of the adaptive immune response?

    <p>Memory response to infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cytokines in the immune response?

    <p>To regulate immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of neutrophils in the immune response?

    <p>To destroy bacteria through phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of dendritic cells in the immune response?

    <p>To present antigens to T cells and aid in B cell recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immune response involves the production of immunoglobulins by B cells?

    <p>Humoral response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of macrophages in the immune response?

    <p>To initiate the inflammatory response and digest microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of basophils in the immune response?

    <p>To release histamine and heparin during the inflammatory response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of T cells in the immune response?

    <p>To directly destroy infected cells and tumor cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Immune Function

    • Immunity can be classified into two types: Innate and Adaptive.
    • Innate immunity is the first line of defense, which includes physical, biochemical, and mechanical barriers.
    • The second line of innate immunity involves non-specific immune cells.
    • Adaptive immunity is acquired through natural exposure, maternal antibodies, vaccinations, or infusion of immune serum globulin.

    The Immune Response

    • The immune response involves the coordination of various cells, tissues, and organs to defend against pathogens and other foreign substances.

    Lymph Nodes and the Lymphatic System

    • Lymph nodes and the lymphatic system form a network of vessels that transport excess interstitial fluid back to the bloodstream, maintaining fluid balance.
    • The lymphatic system is responsible for the production, maturation, and activation of immune cells.

    Anatomy of the Immune System

    • The thymus is a central lymphoid organ responsible for T cell development and maturation.
    • Bone marrow is responsible for the formation of B and T lymphocytes, and differentiates B and T cells.
    • The spleen acts as a blood filter, and the tonsils and adenoids trap inhaled bacteria and viruses.
    • Peyer's patches are immune sensors located on the mucosa of the small intestine, defending against pathogens in the GI tract.
    • Cytokines are small proteins that regulate immune responses, including interleukins, interferon, and tumor necrosis factor alpha.
    • The complement system is a cell-killing mechanism that is involved in both innate and acquired immunity.

    Physiology of Immune Function

    • The innate immune response is an immediate, non-specific response that occurs without memory.
    • Physical, mechanical, and biochemical barriers, such as skin and mucous membranes, protect against pathogens.
    • The inflammatory response is a response to tissue damage, including infection, trauma, and noxious compounds.
    • The adaptive immune response involves both cellular and humoral responses.
    • The cellular mediated response involves T cells that directly destroy foreign or abnormal cells.
    • The humoral-mediated response involves antibodies that facilitate phagocytosis and clear pathogens from the body.

    Assessment of the Immune System

    • A comprehensive assessment of the immune system includes a history of age, current medications, family history, social history, nutritional status, infection history, immunizations, chronic illnesses, autoimmune disorders, and cancer.
    • A physical examination includes inspection, auscultation, palpation, and percussion.
    • Diagnostic studies may include blood tests, skin tests, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, and radiological imaging.
    • The immune system undergoes changes with age, affecting its function and response to pathogens.

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    Related Documents

    Immune System Overview PDF

    Description

    Learn about the humoral-mediated response, agglutination, and opsonization in the immune system. This quiz covers the assessment of the immune system, including history, medications, and nutrition.

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