L8 physiology
13 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of shock?

  • High arterial pressure
  • Adequate oxygen delivery
  • Increased blood volume
  • Global tissue hypo-perfusion (correct)

Which type of shock is primarily caused by inadequate blood or plasma volume?

  • Cardiogenic shock
  • Septic shock
  • Neurogenic shock
  • Hypovolemic shock (correct)

What is the main goal of the body during shock?

  • Increase respiratory rate
  • Maintain cerebral and cardiac perfusion (correct)
  • Lower blood pressure
  • Decrease heart rate

In which stage of shock does tissue hypoperfusion and metabolic imbalances occur?

<p>Stage II: Progressive and decompensated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a physiological response to inadequate systemic oxygen delivery during shock?

<p>Increased release of cortisol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular response indicates a serious effect of shock on the body's cells?

<p>ATP depletion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What complicates the effect of shock across multiple organ systems, leading to end organ failure?

<p>Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of shock involves loss of vascular tone due to spinal cord injury?

<p>Neurogenic shock (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first stage of shock characterized by compensatory responses in the body?

<p>Compensatory stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of shock results from an overwhelming infection leading to severe inflammation?

<p>Septic shock (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of shock is there an inadequate heart function leading to insufficient blood circulation?

<p>Cardiogenic shock (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common physiological response during the progressive stage of shock?

<p>Increased heart rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the irreversible stage of shock?

<p>Significant organ damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Shock

Inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues, causing global tissue hypo-perfusion and metabolic acidosis. Arterial pressure is usually low.

Cardiogenic Shock

Shock caused by the heart's inability to pump effectively.

Hypovolemic Shock

Shock resulting from low blood volume, often due to loss of blood or fluids.

Septic Shock

Shock caused by severe infection, resulting in widespread inflammation and vasodilation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Neurogenic Shock

Shock due to loss of normal blood vessel tone (vasodilation),often following spinal cord injury.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anaphylactic Shock

Shock caused by a severe allergic reaction, involving widespread vasodilation triggered by histamine release.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stages of Shock (Stage I)

Initial stage of shock, characterized by the body's compensatory mechanisms trying to maintain blood pressure and oxygen delivery, often unnoticed and controllable.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stages of Shock (Stage II)

Progressive and potentially fatal stage of shock, where tissue hypoperfusion leads to metabolic imbalances and organ damage.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Shock?

Shock is a life-threatening condition where your body isn't getting enough blood flow. This means tissues and organs aren't getting enough oxygen, leading to organ damage.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Types of Shock

There are several types of shock, each with a different cause. Some common types include Cardiogenic (heart problem), Hypovolemic (low blood volume), Septic (severe infection), Neurogenic (nerve damage), and Anaphylactic (allergic reaction).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stage I Shock

The first stage of shock, where your body tries to compensate by increasing heart rate and constricting blood vessels. This is usually subtle and often unnoticed.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stage II Shock

The second stage of shock, where your body's compensation starts to fail. This is the 'progressive' stage where tissue damage becomes more likely.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stage III Shock

The final, irreversible stage of shock where organ failure is imminent. This is a critical stage requiring immediate medical intervention.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Physiology of Circulatory Shock

  • Shock is defined as inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues, resulting in global tissue hypo-perfusion and metabolic acidosis.
  • Arterial pressure is typically low in shock.

Learning Objectives

  • Define shock
  • List different types of shock
  • Enumerate the stages of shock

Definition of Shock

  • Inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues
  • Results in global tissue hypo-perfusion and metabolic acidosis
  • Arterial pressure is usually low

Types of Shock

  • Cardiogenic: Failure of the myocardial pump (e.g., myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, pulmonary embolism)
  • Hypovolemic: Inadequate blood/plasma volume (e.g., hemorrhage, fluid loss from vomiting, diarrhea, burns, trauma)
  • Septic: Vasodilation and endothelial injury caused by Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria
  • Neurogenic: Loss of vascular tone (vasodilation), often from spinal cord injury
  • Anaphylactic: IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, causing vasodilation

Understanding the Shock

  • Inadequate systemic oxygen delivery triggers autonomic responses to maintain oxygen delivery.
  • The body's primary goal during shock is to maintain cerebral and cardiac perfusion.
  • The sympathetic nervous system plays a crucial role, releasing norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and cortisol. This leads to vasoconstriction, increased heart rate, and increased cardiac contractility (output).
  • The renin-angiotensin axis promotes water and sodium conservation and vasoconstriction, increasing blood volume and pressure.

Cellular responses during shock

  • ATP depletion and ion pump dysfunction
  • Cellular edema
  • Hydrolysis of cellular membranes leading to cellular death

Endothelial inflammation and disruption during shock

  • Inability to deliver sufficient oxygen to meet metabolic demands

Result of shock

  • Lactic acidosis
  • Cardiovascular insufficiency
  • Increased metabolic demands

Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS)

  • Cardiac depression
  • Respiratory distress
  • Renal failure
  • Results in end-organ failure

Stages of Shock

  • Stage I: Non-progressive and compensated, with compensatory mechanisms activated.
  • Stage II: Progressive and decompensated, involving tissue hypo-perfusion and metabolic imbalances.
  • Stage III: Irreversible, leading to incurred cellular damage, tissue injury, and eventual death.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Physiology of Circulatory Shock PDF

Description

This quiz covers the essential aspects of circulatory shock, including its definition, types, and stages. Gain a deeper understanding of inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues and the physiological consequences that follow. Test your knowledge on cardiogenic, hypovolemic, septic, neurogenic, and anaphylactic shock.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser