Physiology of Blood Flow Control

What happens to the local blood flow when the availability of oxygen in the tissues decreases?

It remains unchanged
It stops immediately
It increases significantly (correct)
It decreases slightly

Which of the following is a vasodilatory substance involved in the short-term regulation of local blood flow?

Epinephrine
Glucagon
Insulin
Adenosine (correct)

What is the result of increased metabolism in a tissue?

Decreased oxygen utilization (correct)
Decreased ATP utilization
Increased oxygen availability
Increased ATP production

What is the theory that states that blood vessels simply relax in the absence of adequate oxygen, leading to natural dilation?

Oxygen demand theory (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to ATP when metabolism increases?

It decreases (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of decreased oxygen availability in the tissues?

Increased adenosine release (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the local control of blood flow through the tissues?

To ensure that the tissue's metabolic needs are met (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the local control of blood flow?

Regulation of body temperature (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of short-term control of blood flow?

Vasoconstriction and vasodilation of arterioles (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of long-term control of blood flow?

Adjustments in the number of blood vessels (B) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the amount of blood flow to an organ?

The organ's metabolic activity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the minimum amount of blood flow required to meet the tissue's metabolic needs?

Basal flow (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of collateral circulation development?

To bypass a blocked artery or vein and restore blood supply to the affected tissue (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is a potent vasoconstrictor that acts on small arterioles?

Noradrenalina (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of bradicinina on blood vessels?

It produces vasodilation and increases permeability (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is released in response to tissue damage, allergy, or inflammation?

Histamina (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of increased oxygen utilization in tissues due to increased metabolism?

Decreased oxygen availability to local smooth muscle fibers (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important factor in relaxation of blood vessels?

Oxido nitrico (NO) (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances can produce vasodilation in certain circumstances?

Adrenalina (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the pressure is too high according to the metabolic theory?

Vasoconstriction occurs due to increased oxygen availability (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of sudden stretching of small blood vessels according to the myogenic theory?

Vasoconstriction occurs due to increased calcium ion entry (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of long-term regulation of blood flow?

To adapt to changes in tissue demands over time (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does the mechanism of long-term regulation of blood flow work?

By changing the vascularization of tissues in response to changes in tissue metabolism (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to vascularization when tissue metabolism increases over a prolonged period?

Vascularization increases (C) Signup and view all the answers