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Questions and Answers
What happens to a cell when the solute concentration outside the cell is higher than inside?
What happens to a cell when the solute concentration outside the cell is higher than inside?
What is the pH of blood?
What is the pH of blood?
What happens to a cell when the solute concentration outside the cell is lower than inside?
What happens to a cell when the solute concentration outside the cell is lower than inside?
What is the characteristic of a cell in an isotonic solution?
What is the characteristic of a cell in an isotonic solution?
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What happens to a red blood cell in a hypertonic solution?
What happens to a red blood cell in a hypertonic solution?
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Which of the following has a pH closest to neutral?
Which of the following has a pH closest to neutral?
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What is the result of a cell in a hypotonic solution?
What is the result of a cell in a hypotonic solution?
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What is the characteristic of a cell in a hypertonic solution?
What is the characteristic of a cell in a hypertonic solution?
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Which of the following solutions has a solute concentration equal to the cytoplasm?
Which of the following solutions has a solute concentration equal to the cytoplasm?
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What is the effect of a hypotonic solution on a cell?
What is the effect of a hypotonic solution on a cell?
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Study Notes
Kidney Function
- The kidneys do not produce digestive enzymes.
- They regulate electrolyte balance, blood pressure, and filtration of waste products from the blood.
Unit Conversions
- 4.8 x 10^9 gigaliters is equivalent to 4.8 x 10^18 liters.
- 5 kg is equivalent to 5 x 10^3 grams.
- 6 micrograms is equivalent to 6 x 10^-9 kg.
- 2 nm is equivalent to 2 x 10^-9 m.
- 3.1 Gm is equivalent to 3.1 x 10^12 mm.
Organ Systems
- Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems: Transport oxygen and nutrients to cells, and remove carbon dioxide and waste products.
- Muscular and Skeletal Systems: Provide structure and support, enable movement.
- The heart is an organ, not an organ system.
Homeostasis
- Sweating to cool down the body on a hot day is an example of a homeostatic process in the human body.
- pH of human blood is normally between 7.35 and 7.45.
Blood Cells
- A hypotonic solution causes a red blood cell to swell and potentially burst.
- A hypertonic solution causes a red blood cell to shrink and may crenate.
- Saline water is the solution that would cause a red blood cell to neither shrink nor swell and maintain its original shape.
pH Imbalance
- Metabolic alkalosis is a type of pathological pH disease.
- Respiratory alkalosis is usually triggered by high altitudes.
- In cases of acidosis, the pH of blood is less than 7.35.
Physiology
- Carbonic acid is converted to water and carbon dioxide by carbonic anhydrase.
- Carbonic acid is a weak acid.
- The primary difference between 'function' and 'process' in physiological terms is that function explains 'why' and process explains 'how'.
Medical Scenarios
- A 70-year-old male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may experience difficulty in breathing, confusion, and drowsiness.
- A 42-year-old woman with severe gastritis may have a metabolic alkalosis due to vomiting.
- Compensation mechanism for COPD involves secretion of H+ and reabsorption of HCO3-.
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Description
This quiz assesses knowledge of physiology lab concepts, including kidney functions and unit conversions.
