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Questions and Answers
What percentage of blood is constituted by its cellular component?
What percentage of blood is constituted by its cellular component?
- 35%
- 45% (correct)
- 55%
- 90%
What is the primary function of hemoglobin in RBCs?
What is the primary function of hemoglobin in RBCs?
Transport oxygen
Red blood cells (RBCs) contain a nucleus.
Red blood cells (RBCs) contain a nucleus.
False (B)
The fluid component of blood is called ______ and constitutes ______% of the blood.
The fluid component of blood is called ______ and constitutes ______% of the blood.
Which of the following leukocytes are categorized as granulocytes?
Which of the following leukocytes are categorized as granulocytes?
What is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
What is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
Red blood cells (RBCs) are _______ in shape and lack a nucleus.
Red blood cells (RBCs) are _______ in shape and lack a nucleus.
T cells and B cells are types of granular leukocytes.
T cells and B cells are types of granular leukocytes.
The fluid component of blood, which constitutes 55% of blood, is called:
The fluid component of blood, which constitutes 55% of blood, is called:
Hemoglobin is composed of a protein called globin and non-protein pigments called heme.
Hemoglobin is composed of a protein called globin and non-protein pigments called heme.
Match the following components with their respective description:
Match the following components with their respective description:
Which ions are considered inorganic substances found in blood plasma?
Which ions are considered inorganic substances found in blood plasma?
Which of the following is a component of the fluid part of blood?
Which of the following is a component of the fluid part of blood?
RBCs contain a nucleus and other organelles.
RBCs contain a nucleus and other organelles.
What is the significance of the biconcave shape of RBCs?
What is the significance of the biconcave shape of RBCs?
Each heme in a hemoglobin molecule contains an ion of ______ that can combine with one oxygen molecule.
Each heme in a hemoglobin molecule contains an ion of ______ that can combine with one oxygen molecule.
Match the following blood cells with their characteristics:
Match the following blood cells with their characteristics:
Which of the following blood cells are classified as agranular leukocytes?
Which of the following blood cells are classified as agranular leukocytes?
More than 45% of blood is composed of its fluid component.
More than 45% of blood is composed of its fluid component.
Name the protein that is responsible for the red color of blood.
Name the protein that is responsible for the red color of blood.
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Study Notes
Blood Composition
- Blood is a modified connective tissue consisting of 45% cellular components and 55% fluid component (plasma).
Cellular Components
- Red blood cells (RBCs) or erythrocytes
- White blood cells (WBCs) or leukocytes, divided into:
- Granular leukocytes (granulocytes: Neutrophils, Basophils, and Eosinophils)
- Agranular leukocytes (Lymphocytes, T cells, B cells, and Monocytes)
- Platelets or thrombocytes
Fluid Component (Plasma)
- Composed of 90% water and 10% dissolved substances (solutes)
- Dissolved substances include:
- Plasma proteins (7%): Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen (synthesized by the liver)
- Other organic substances (nutrients and waste products): urea, uric acid, ammonia, etc.
- Inorganic substances: Na, K, Ca, Cl ions, etc.
Red Blood Cells (RBCs) / Erythrocytes
- RBCs make up more than 99% of formed elements in blood
- Characteristics:
- Biconcave shape
- Contain oxygen-carrying pigment hemoglobin
- Responsible for red color of whole blood
- Flexible, biconcave shape allows RBCs to squeeze through narrow capillaries
- Lack a nucleus and other organelles
RBC Physiology
- Hemoglobin inside RBCs combines with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin in the lungs
- Hemoglobin (Hb) molecule consists of:
- Protein called globin (composed of 4 polypeptide chains: 2 alpha and 2 beta)
- 4 non-protein pigments called heme
- Each heme contains an Fe2+ ion that can combine reversibly with one oxygen molecule
- Oxygen is transported to tissues in the form of oxyhemoglobin
- In tissues, the iron-oxygen reaction reverses, and Hb releases O2, which diffuses into cells
Blood Composition
- Blood is a modified connective tissue consisting of 45% cellular components and 55% fluid component (plasma).
Cellular Components
- Red blood cells (RBCs) or erythrocytes
- White blood cells (WBCs) or leukocytes, divided into:
- Granular leukocytes (granulocytes: Neutrophils, Basophils, and Eosinophils)
- Agranular leukocytes (Lymphocytes, T cells, B cells, and Monocytes)
- Platelets or thrombocytes
Fluid Component (Plasma)
- Composed of 90% water and 10% dissolved substances (solutes)
- Dissolved substances include:
- Plasma proteins (7%): Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen (synthesized by the liver)
- Other organic substances (nutrients and waste products): urea, uric acid, ammonia, etc.
- Inorganic substances: Na, K, Ca, Cl ions, etc.
Red Blood Cells (RBCs) / Erythrocytes
- RBCs make up more than 99% of formed elements in blood
- Characteristics:
- Biconcave shape
- Contain oxygen-carrying pigment hemoglobin
- Responsible for red color of whole blood
- Flexible, biconcave shape allows RBCs to squeeze through narrow capillaries
- Lack a nucleus and other organelles
RBC Physiology
- Hemoglobin inside RBCs combines with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin in the lungs
- Hemoglobin (Hb) molecule consists of:
- Protein called globin (composed of 4 polypeptide chains: 2 alpha and 2 beta)
- 4 non-protein pigments called heme
- Each heme contains an Fe2+ ion that can combine reversibly with one oxygen molecule
- Oxygen is transported to tissues in the form of oxyhemoglobin
- In tissues, the iron-oxygen reaction reverses, and Hb releases O2, which diffuses into cells
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