Physiologie Cardiaque: Débit Cardiaque
10 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Quelle formule calcule correctement le débit cardiaque (DC)?

  • DC = FC + VE
  • DC = FC / VE
  • DC = FC x VE (correct)
  • DC = VE / FC
  • Quel est l'effet principal de la stimulation parasympathique sur la fréquence cardiaque?

  • Augmente la vitesse de conduction cardiaque
  • Augmente la fréquence cardiaque
  • Diminue la fréquence cardiaque (correct)
  • N'a aucun effet sur la fréquence cardiaque
  • Quel terme décrit la différence entre le débit cardiaque au repos et le débit cardiaque à l'effort?

  • Fréquence cardiaque inhérente
  • Débit cardiaque maximal
  • Index cardiaque
  • Réserve cardiaque (correct)
  • En l'absence d'influences nerveuses ou hormonales, quelle est la fréquence cardiaque inhérente du nœud sinusal?

    <p>100 battements/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Par quel système nerveux est principalement contrôlée la fréquence cardiaque au repos?

    <p>Système nerveux parasympathique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quelle hormone, en plus de l'adrénaline, influence la fréquence cardiaque en potentialisant les effets de l'adrénaline et de la noradrénaline ?

    <p>Thyroxine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parmi les éléments suivants, lequel n'est pas un facteur modifiant le volume d'éjection?

    <p>La concentration en glucose sanguin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Selon le mécanisme de Frank-Starling, comment un volume télédiastolique ventriculaire accru affecte-t-il la contraction cardiaque?

    <p>Il augmente la force de contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Comment une bradycardie influence-t-elle le volume d'éjection (VE) selon le contenu?

    <p>Augmente le VE en favorisant le retour veineux.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que se passe-t-il si le cœur droit pompe plus de sang que le cœur gauche, selon le mécanisme de Frank-Starling?

    <p>Le volume d'éjection du ventricule gauche augmente pour éviter l'accumulation de sang dans les poumons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction

    • Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute, measured in liters per minute (L/min).
    • It also represents the blood volume flowing through the systemic or pulmonary circuits per minute.
    • Cardiac output (CO) = Heart rate (HR) x Stroke volume (SV)

    Cardiac Output

    • Cardiac index (CI): The ratio of cardiac output to body surface area, expressed in L/min/m².
    • It's used to compare cardiac outputs between individuals at rest.
    • Cardiac output varies considerably.
    • Maximum cardiac output can be 4 to 5 times higher than resting output (20-25 L/min).
    • Highly trained athletes may achieve up to 35 L/min.
    • Cardiac output is determined by heart rate and stroke volume.

    Control of Heart Rate

    • Intrinsic heart rate: The inherent rhythmicity of the sinoatrial (SA) node is approximately 100 beats per minute (bpm) without external nervous or hormonal influences.
    • Heart rate can increase or decrease due to continuous input from nerves and hormones affecting the SA node.
    • Parasympathetic stimulation (vagus nerves) decreases heart rate.
    • Sympathetic stimulation increases heart rate.
    • At rest, parasympathetic activity predominates, resulting in a heart rate of approximately 70 bpm.
    • Sympathetic stimulation also accelerates conduction throughout the cardiac conduction system.

    Other Factors Affecting Heart Rate

    • Epinephrine (adrenaline): Increases heart rate and contractility, acting on β-adrenergic receptors.
    • Thyroid hormone (thyroxine): Increases heart rate and enhances the effect of adrenaline and noradrenaline.
    • Elevated body temperature: Increases heart rate.
    • Electrolyte concentration in plasma: Affects heart rate.

    Control of Stroke Volume

    • Stroke volume (SV): The volume of blood ejected by each ventricle with each contraction.
    • SV = End-diastolic volume (EDV) - End-systolic volume (ESV)
    • Factors influencing SV include preload, contractility, and afterload.

    Preload

    • Preload refers to changes in end-diastolic volume.
    • Increased preload stretches the cardiac muscle fibers, leading to a stronger contraction and greater stroke volume. (Frank-Starling mechanism).

    Contractility

    • Contractility refers to the force of contraction for a given end-diastolic volume.
    • Sympathetic stimulation increases contractility.
    • Epinephrine and norepinephrine increase this force independent of preload, increasing stroke volume.

    Afterload

    • Afterload refers to the pressure the ventricles must overcome to eject blood.
    • Increased afterload (e.g., higher blood pressure) reduces stroke volume.

    Cardiac Output, Return, and Determination of Right Atrial Pressure

    • Cardiac output and right atrial pressure are closely related.
    • Analysis of the relationship between cardiac output and venous return can determine the right atrial pressure.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Débit cardiaque N.M PDF

    Description

    Testez vos connaissances sur le débit cardiaque, y compris ses définitions, le débit cardiaque par rapport à la surface corporelle et son contrôle. Ce quiz couvre les concepts de base tels que la fréquence cardiaque et le volume d'éjection. Une excellente ressource pour les étudiants en médecine et en physiologie!

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser