Cardiac Output and Heart Rate
40 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the coronary arteries?

  • To pump blood throughout the body
  • To regulate blood pressure
  • To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
  • To carry blood to oxygenate/nourish the heart muscle (correct)

What is the most common pathological change that leads to coronary heart disease?

  • Vasospasm
  • Atherosclerosis (correct)
  • Disruption of atherosclerotic plaque
  • Thrombosis

What is the result of impaired blood flow in the coronary arteries?

  • Hypertension
  • Heart failure
  • Ischemia or infarction of heart muscle cells (correct)
  • Cardiac arrhythmia

What is the characteristic of angina that distinguishes it from infarction?

<p>Reversible ischemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the chest pain that occurs due to a discrepancy between the supply and demand of oxygenated blood to the heart muscle?

<p>Levine sign (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines which areas of the heart will be damaged in a heart attack?

<p>The location of the coronary artery occlusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between chronic ischemic heart disease and acute ischemic heart disease?

<p>Chronic ischemic heart disease develops gradually (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary predisposing factor for coronary heart disease?

<p>Factors similar to those that predispose to atherosclerosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of unstable angina in terms of exertion?

<p>It is triggered by less exertion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction?

<p>Death of muscle cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a plaque rupture in unstable angina?

<p>Complete occlusion of the vessel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment approach for unstable angina in the beginning?

<p>Similar to that of acute myocardial infarction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome if unstable angina does not respond to treatment?

<p>It leads to a heart attack (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary driving force for blood flow in the human body?

<p>Arterial blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of acute coronary syndrome?

<p>It comes on more quickly and is more severe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does not directly affect cardiac output?

<p>Peripheral vascular resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of unstable angina if the clot breaks down and blood flow is restored?

<p>Symptoms go away (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of coronary heart disease?

<p>It is not triggered by exertion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that determines peripheral vascular resistance?

<p>Degree of arterial constriction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which control mechanism is involved in regulating blood volume and vessel diameter, but not heart rate?

<p>Kidneys (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation that relates blood pressure to cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance?

<p>BP = CO x PVR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following centers is involved in parasympathetic-mediated decrease in heart rate?

<p>Cardioinhibitory center (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that refers to the amount of blood pumped out by the heart per minute?

<p>Cardiac output (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nervous system component receives input from other areas of the nervous system, such as the hypothalamus, and from arterial baroreceptors and chemoreceptors?

<p>Medullary control centers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the force of pressure that the heart must generate to eject blood from the heart determined by?

<p>Arterial blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines cardiac output?

<p>Stroke volume (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the force with which ventricles pump, independent of effects of preload and afterload?

<p>Cardiac contractility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a positive inotrope?

<p>Sympathetic stimulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to cardiac output when heart rate increases beyond a certain point?

<p>It decreases due to decreased filling time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary determinant of stroke volume?

<p>Preload (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of a decrease in cardiac output?

<p>No transportation can occur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for blood flow through vessels?

<p>Patent vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal ventricular volume for maximum force of contraction?

<p>2.5 times normal resting length (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a heart attack on the heart muscle?

<p>Decreased contractility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the mechanism that describes how preload affects stroke volume?

<p>Frank-Starling mechanism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the amount of blood in the ventricle ready to be pumped out with each beat?

<p>Preload (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is affected by the interaction of actin and myosin fibers?

<p>Contractility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a negative inotrope?

<p>Hypoxia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the amount of blood pumped out with each beat?

<p>Stroke volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines heart rate?

<p>Autonomic nervous system activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

More Like This

Heart Rate and Pulse
5 questions

Heart Rate and Pulse

AlluringHafnium avatar
AlluringHafnium
Physiology and Pathology of Heart Rate Regulation
38 questions
Human Physiology: Heart Rate Overview
25 questions
Cardiovascular Response to Exercise
37 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser