Physiological Effects of Malnutrition Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of apoptosis?

  • Results in cell shrinking before orderly degradation (correct)
  • Causes necrosis of adjacent cells
  • Triggers an inflammatory response
  • Requires energy from adjacent cells
  • Which statement about neoplasia is correct?

  • Neoplastic transformation is reversible after removal of stimuli
  • Benign tumors are more aggressive than malignant tumors
  • Neoplasia involves growth that exceeds that of normal tissues (correct)
  • Neoplastic growth is always regulated by the body
  • What describes the process of autolysis?

  • Rigor mortis causing cells to break apart
  • Muscle contraction after death due to ATP release
  • Lysosome enzymes degrading cell constituents post-death (correct)
  • Leakage of Ca++ ions leading to muscle stiffening
  • In neoplasia, what does 'autonomous growth' mean?

    <p>Tumor growth independent of body regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during apoptosis in terms of energy requirement?

    <p>Apoptosis is an energy-independent process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of hypoxia?

    <p>Decreased oxygen supply to tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of cell swelling?

    <p>Disruption of ion pumps in the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of the inflammatory response?

    <p>Accumulation of inflammatory cells and mediators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of cellular metabolism?

    <p>Decreased ATP production during ischemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of prolonged hypoxia?

    <p>Activation of apoptotic pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which inflammation can contribute to tissue injury?

    <p>Release of reactive oxygen species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary response to increased workload in muscle cells?

    <p>Increase in cell size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of atrophy involves a decrease in organ size due to reduced numbers of cells?

    <p>Numerical atrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of atrophy that occurs during normal growth and development?

    <p>Physiological atrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition where an organ 'wastes away' secondary to HIV or other diseases?

    <p>Cachexia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition involves inadequate blood flow to tissues?

    <p>Oligemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process characterized by an increase in the number and size of organelles within cells?

    <p>Hypertrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

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