Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a notable change that occurs during aging?
What is a notable change that occurs during aging?
- Progressive cell loss (correct)
- Enhanced metabolic rate
- Increased cell proliferation
- Improved immune response
Which aspect should be evaluated thoroughly before a surgical procedure?
Which aspect should be evaluated thoroughly before a surgical procedure?
- Age-related physiological changes (correct)
- Post-operative healing techniques
- Psychological readiness
- Dietary restrictions
What does the aging process lead to in the body?
What does the aging process lead to in the body?
- Stabilization of organ systems
- Cellular regeneration
- Loss of cellular integrity (correct)
- Enhanced cellular function
What is the major concern regarding surgical procedures in elderly patients?
What is the major concern regarding surgical procedures in elderly patients?
How does aging affect cell populations in the body?
How does aging affect cell populations in the body?
What is a primary factor believed to increase rates of disease and mortality?
What is a primary factor believed to increase rates of disease and mortality?
Which organ system is NOT mentioned as being affected by reductions in function?
Which organ system is NOT mentioned as being affected by reductions in function?
What may critically determine outcomes from surgical procedures under anaesthesia?
What may critically determine outcomes from surgical procedures under anaesthesia?
Which of the following factors is NOT mainly involved in impacting surgical outcomes?
Which of the following factors is NOT mainly involved in impacting surgical outcomes?
What happens to functional reserves in elderly patients?
What happens to functional reserves in elderly patients?
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Study Notes
Age Related Physiological Changes
- Ageing is a process of progressive cell loss
- This is a key contributor to increased morbidity and mortality rates in the elderly
- Elderly patients usually have reduced functional reserve
Alterations in Organ Function
- Reduced cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal and central nervous system function are key outcome determinants in surgical procedures under general or regional anaesthesia
Cardiovascular System
- Ischaemic heart disease is common in affluent societies
- Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in the elderly population
- The fast ventricular rate in AF leads to reduced cardiac output
- Preoperatively, patients with atrial fibrillation should ideally be cardioverted or controlled to a slow rate
- This is important to increase cardiac output and reduce the need for additional interventions during surgery
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