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Physiological Changes in Ageing and Surgery

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Physiological Changes in Ageing and Surgery

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Questions and Answers

What is a notable change that occurs during aging?

Progressive cell loss (correct)

Enhanced metabolic rate

Increased cell proliferation

Improved immune response

Which aspect should be evaluated thoroughly before a surgical procedure?

Age-related physiological changes (correct)

Post-operative healing techniques

Psychological readiness

Dietary restrictions

What does the aging process lead to in the body?

Stabilization of organ systems

Cellular regeneration

Loss of cellular integrity (correct)

Enhanced cellular function

What is the major concern regarding surgical procedures in elderly patients?

Increased physiological vulnerability Signup and view all the answers

How does aging affect cell populations in the body?

Cells undergo progressive loss Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary factor believed to increase rates of disease and mortality?

Age-related decline in functional reserve Signup and view all the answers

Which organ system is NOT mentioned as being affected by reductions in function?

Skeletal system Signup and view all the answers

What may critically determine outcomes from surgical procedures under anaesthesia?

Alterations in organ function Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is NOT mainly involved in impacting surgical outcomes?

Surgical team experience Signup and view all the answers

What happens to functional reserves in elderly patients?

They often decrease Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ageing is a process of progressive cell loss
This is a key contributor to increased morbidity and mortality rates in the elderly
Elderly patients usually have reduced functional reserve

Alterations in Organ Function

Reduced cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal and central nervous system function are key outcome determinants in surgical procedures under general or regional anaesthesia

Cardiovascular System

Ischaemic heart disease is common in affluent societies
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in the elderly population
The fast ventricular rate in AF leads to reduced cardiac output
Preoperatively, patients with atrial fibrillation should ideally be cardioverted or controlled to a slow rate
This is important to increase cardiac output and reduce the need for additional interventions during surgery

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Description

This quiz explores the age-related physiological changes that can affect surgical outcomes in elderly patients. It delves into alterations in organ function, cardiovascular issues such as atrial fibrillation, and the importance of preoperative management. The emphasis is on understanding how these factors impact morbidity and mortality rates during surgical procedures.