Physiologic Obstetrics: Ovarian and Endometrial Cycle

What is the main regulatory axis responsible for predictable, regular, and cyclical ovulatory menstrual cycles?

Which organ is considered the target of Sex Steroid Hormones in the reproductive process?

What is the approximate rate of depletion of follicles per month until 35 years old?

What percentage of follicles are ovulated during a woman's entire reproductive life?

Gonadotropin-independent recruitment from primordial follicle until the preantral follicle is the stage of:

Which growth factors are produced by the oocyte and regulate granulosa cell proliferation and differentiation as the primary follicle grows?

What is the average duration of the menstrual cycle?

During which phase of the ovarian cycle does ovulation begin?

What do stromal cells surround as the antral follicle develops?

Which phase involves endometrial thickening and selection of a dominant "ovulatory" follicle?

What is the role of corpus luteum during the luteal or postovulatory phase of the ovarian cycle?

What is the mechanism of recruitment from primordial follicles to become preantral follicles?

"Local growth factors" such as GDF9 and BMP-15 are produced by:

"Semisynchronous growth selection window of the ovarian cycle" refers to:

"FSH increase in the late luteal phase" stimulates:

What is responsible for preparing the endometrium for implantation during the luteal or postovulatory phase?

The predictable, regular, and cyclical ovulatory menstrual cycles are regulated by the HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-OVARIAN AXIS.

Malfunctions of the compartments of the HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-OVARIAN AXIS can lead to reproductive failure or infertility.

The rate of depletion of follicles per month is approximately 1,000 until 35 years old.

The endometrium is the target organ of Sex Steroid Hormones in the reproductive process.

The Primordial Follicle does not need FSH to become Preantral.

Growth Differentiation Factor 9 (GDF9) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 (BMP-15) are controlled by the Ovary.

Ovulation begins on Day 14 of the menstrual cycle.

The average duration of the menstrual cycle is 28 days, with a range of -7 to +7 days.

FSH increases in the late luteal phase of the previous cycle.

The Dominant Follicle is selected during the Follicular (Preovulatory) Phase.

Estrogen increases in proportion to the growth of a Dominant Follicle and its number of Granulosa Cells.

The only follicle progressing to a certain stage has the capacity to produce Estrogen.

The Ovarian Cycle likely begins 1 to 2 days before Day 1 of the Endometrial Cycle.

During each Ovarian Cycle, a group of Antral Follicles 'cohort' begins a phase of semisynchronous growth selection window.

"Local growth factors" such as GDF9 and BMP-15 are produced by the Oocyte.

"Semisynchronous growth selection window of the ovarian cycle" refers to the stage where only one follicle will be chosen to become the DOMINANT FOLLICLE.